利用StaMPS技术监测石油开采导致的大梯度地面沉降
Monitoring the Large Gradient Land Subsidence Caused by Oil Exploitation Based on StaMPS

石油开采引起的大梯度、大范围地面沉降，不仅会破坏油井的生产设施，同时会影响周边环境和人们的生活。本文采用StaMPS技术，利用2007~2010年的21景L波段ALOS/PALSAR数据和2016~2018年的22景C波段Sentinel-1B数据，对辽河盘锦地区的部分采油厂进行沉降监测。结果表明：1) 2007~2010年，整个研究区域存在两个显著的沉降漏斗，分别对应曙光采油厂和欢喜岭采油厂。曙光采油厂的沉降面积约为28 km2，最大沉降速率达到了？243.0 mm/年；欢喜岭采油厂的沉降面积约为19 km2，最大沉降速率约为–76.9 mm/年。曙光采油厂的沉降漏斗直接影响到了辽宁省内高速公路S308部分路段的安全。2) 2016~2018年，曙光采油厂的最大沉降速率为–162.6 mm/年；欢喜岭采油厂的最大沉降速率约为–85.0 mm/年。辽宁省内高速公路S308依然处于曙光采油厂的沉降漏斗内。3) 证明了对于大梯度沉降和植被覆盖较多的区域，StaMPS技术具有稳定、可靠的沉降监测能力；相对于C波段的SAR数据，L波段的SAR数据抗干扰性更强、探测能力也更强。
The large gradient and large-scale land subsidence caused by oil exploitation will not only destroy the production facilities of oil wells, but also affect the surrounding environment and people's lives. In this paper, the subsidence of some oil production plants in Panjin of Liaohe Plain is monitored by StaMPS technology, using 21 L-band ALOS/PALSAR data from 2007 to 2010 and 22 C-band Sentinel-1B data from 2016 to 2018. The results show that: 1) There are two distinct subsidence funnels in the whole research area from 2007 to 2010, which correspond to Shuguang Oil Produc-tion Plant and Huanxiling Oil Production Plant respectively. The subsidence area of Shuguang Oil Production Plant is about 28 km2, and the maximum subsidence rate is –243.0 mm/year. The sub-sidence area of Huanxiling Oil Production Plant is about 19 km2, and the maximum subsidence rate is –76.9 mm/year. The subsidence funnel of Shuguang Oil Production Plant directly affects the safety of some section of S308 Expressway in Liaoning Province. 2) From 2016 to 2018, the maxi-mum subsidence rate of Shuguang Oil Production Plant is –162.6 mm/year, and the maximum subsidence rate of Huanxiling Oil Production Plant is –85.0 mm/year. The S308 Expressway in Liaoning Province is still in the subsidence funnel of Shuguang Oil Production Plant. 3) This paper proves that for areas with large gradient subsidence and more vegetation coverage, StaMPS tech-nology has stable and reliable subsidence monitoring ability. In addition, compared with C-band SAR data, L-band SAR data has stronger anti-jamming and detection ability.