天山山区夏季强降水过程GPS可降水量演变特征分析
Analysis on the Evolutionary Characteristics of GPS Precipitable Water Vapor during Summer Heavy Precipitation in Tianshan Mountain

DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2019.82018, PP. 154-163

Keywords: GPS-PWV，天山山区，夏季强降水，降水量
Precipitable Water Vapor Derived from Ground-Based GPS, Tianshan Mountains, Heavy Precipitation in Summer, Precipitation

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Abstract:

选取伊宁、巴仑台、天池和巴里坤作为研究天山山区夏季强降水过程GPS可降水量演变特征的指标站，利用4站的GPS-PWV和降水资料，分析了夏季强降水过程中GPS-PWV的演变特征。结果表明：1) 强降水出现前GPS-PWV有1~3天的明显抬升过程，且小时增量均有1~3次超过2 mm的急剧增长，GPS-PWV最大值各有不同，其中伊宁最大；2) 强降水通常出现在GPS-PWV高于平均值时，GPS-PWV上升阶段开始，降水后期GPS-PWV下降仍维持较弱降水，GPS-PWV降至平均值以下可以作为判断降水是否结束的标准，降水持续时间与GPS-PWV高值区维持时间较为一致；最大小时雨强基本都在GPS-PWV最大值出现后产生；3) 在不同类型天气过程影响下的强降水过程GPS-PWV演变特征有所不同。
The Yining, Baluntai, Tianchi and Balikun were selected as index stations to study the characteristics of GPS precipitation in summer precipitation in the Tianshan Mountains. GPS-PWV and precipitation data from 4 stations were used to analyze the evolution characteristics of GPS-PWV during the summer heavy precipitation. The results show that: 1) Before the occurrence of heavy precipitation, GPS-PWV has a significant uplifting period of 1~3 days, and the hourly increments have a rapid increase of more than 2 mm for 1~3 times. The maximum GPS-PWV values are different, among which Yining is the largest. 2) Heavy precipitation usually occurs when the GPS-PWV is higher than the average, the GPS-PWV rise phase starts, and the GPS-PWV decline maintains weak precipitation at the end of the precipitation; GPS-PWV below the average value can be used as a criterion for judging whether or not precipitation is over. Precipitation duration is consistent with GPS-PWV high value area maintenance time; the maximum hourly rainfall intensity is basically produced after the GPS-PWV maximum occurs. 3) The evolutionary characteristics of GPS-PWV during the heavy precipitation process under different types of weather processes are different.

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