中考体育成绩分布特征与学生体质状况的关系研究
A Study on the Relationship between the Distribution of Physical Education Scores and Students’ Physical Fitness

体育中考制度的提出是为了增强学生的体育意识，全面发展学生身体素质的一项制度，有利于体育主管部门掌控学生健康状况，是发展学生终身体育思想的保障，通过中考体育成绩的分布特征能够较为全面反映初中学生的整体体质状况。本文通过文献资料法、对比法、数理统计等方法对初中学生体育中考成绩进行分析，并与《国家学生体质健康标准》进行对比，针对学生的耐力、爆发力、柔韧性、协调性和各个成绩之间的相关性进行分析。结论：1) 学生的身体素质总体表现一般，在跳绳项目上男女生的成绩有80%以上能达到优秀标准，但在立定跳远项目中，男女生的优率相差较大，在长跑项目中男女生的优秀率较低；立定跳远与跳绳成绩女生优于男生，坐位体前屈项目中，男女生的成绩均表现较好。2) 项目之间有迁移现象存在，练习长跑对立定跳远和跳绳成绩有负迁移，而练习跳绳对立定跳远有正迁移。因此，开展不同运动项目时，要注意科学合理搭配。
The system of physical education entrance examination is put forward in order to enhance students’ sports consciousness and develop their physical quality in an all-round way. It is conducive to the control of students’ health by the competent department of physical education. It is also the guarantee of developing students’ lifelong physical education thought. It can reflect the overall physical condition of junior high school students through the distribution characteristics of physical education achievements in the entrance examination. Through the methods of documentation, comparison and mathematical statistics, this paper analyses the results of physical education en-trance examination of junior middle school students, and compares them with the National Standards for Physical Health of Students, aiming at the students’ endurance, explosive power, flexibility, coordination and the correlation between the results. Conclusion: 1) The overall physical performance of students is generally average. More than 80% of the scores of male and female students in the skipping rope project can reach the excellent standard. However, in the long-term long jump project, the ratio of male to female students is quite different. The excellent rate is lower; the girls who set the long jump and skipping scores are better than the boys. In the sitting body flexion project, the scores of boys and girls are better. 2) There is a migration phenomenon between the projects. The practice long-distance running has a negative migration to the standing long jump and skipping scores, while the practice skipping has a positive transition to the standing long jump. Therefore, when carrying out different sports projects, we must pay attention to scientific and reasonable matching.