兵团职工参与治理农业残膜的意愿研究
Study on the Willingness of Corps Workers to Participate in the Treatment of Agricultural Residual Film

中国是农业大国，而残膜污染影响了农业的发展，成为了破坏农村生态环境的重要因素。农民是农业面源污染的主体，是农村生态环境的直接影响者，职工参与处理残膜的意愿是解决农业面源污染问题的关键所在。为解决农业生态问题，以兵团农田为研究对象，通过职工问卷调查的方式，采用有序logit模型的方法，对职工治理农业残膜的参与意愿和支付意愿进行了实证研究。调查结果显示，愿意参与农业残膜污染治理的人占61.72%，不愿意参与的人占38.28%，愿意支付的人占59.38%，不愿意支付的人占40.63%。其中，残膜污染认知、当地工钱、基础设施建设、政府培训、职工兼职等5个因素对职工治理残膜的参与意愿具有显著影响；职工年龄、职工家庭人口数、基础设施的建立和政府组织开会共同参与建处理等4个因素对职工处理农业残膜的支付意愿有显著性影响。农业面源污染调控的最终目的是引导微观层面的职工自觉调整自身的生产行为。因此，就需要职工对面源污染有一个清晰的认识，努力提高职工对农业残膜的参与意愿与支付意愿，来解决现代农业生态环境问题。
China is a large agricultural country, and the plastic film pollution has become an important factor affecting the farmland ecological environment. Farmers are the main body of agricultural non-point source pollution and the direct influence of rural ecological environment. The willingness of workers to participate in the disposal of residual film is the key to solve the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution. In order to solve the problem of agricultural ecology, this paper takes the corps farmland as the research object, adopts the method of orderly logit model to conduct an empirical study on the participation willingness and payment willingness of employees in the management of agricultural residue film by means of questionnaire survey. The survey results showed that 61.72% of the people were willing to participate in the treatment of agricultural residual membrane pollution, 38.28% were unwilling to participate, 59.38% were willing to pay, and 40.63% were unwilling to pay. Among them, the awareness of residual membrane pollution, local wages, infrastructure construction, government training, part-time workers and other five factors have a significant impact on the willingness of workers to participate in the governance of residual membrane; four factors, such as the age of workers, the number of workers' families, the establishment of infrastructure and the joint participation of government organizations in the construction and treatment, have significant influence on the willingness of workers to pay for the treatment of agricultural film residues. The ultimate goal of agricultural non-point source pollution regulation is to guide workers at the micro level to consciously adjust their own production be-havior. Therefore, it is necessary for workers to have a clear understanding of non-point source pol-lution, and strive to improve their willingness to participate in and pay for agricultural residue film, so as to solve the problems of modern agricultural ecological environment.