目的：本文旨在探究抑郁症患者中医体质和心理健康状况的关系，进一步论证中医的“气积而郁、气虚而郁”理论，为抑郁症中医治疗提供理论支持。方法：选取河北省唐山市某医院抑郁症患者245人为研究对象，经知情同意后，采用SCL-90量表、中医体质分类与判定量表和患者健康问卷9项进行评定。结果：抑郁症患者的SCL-90各因子分、均分和阳性项目数均高于中国常模，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.01)，体质类型主要集中在气郁质(25.32%)、阴虚质(17.14%)和气虚质(13.47%)，不同中医体质类型的抑郁症患者在SCL-90各因子上阳性检出率的差异性检验，结果均具有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。结论：不同中医体质类型的抑郁症患者与心理健康状况存在一定的关系；大多数抑郁症患者伴有不同程度的心理症状，抑郁症患者心理问题大多是合并存在的；重度抑郁中以痰湿质、气虚质和气郁质为主；中重度抑郁则是阴虚质、痰湿质和气郁质；中度抑郁则以气虚质、湿热质占和阳虚质为主；轻度抑郁则以气郁质、阴虚质和血瘀质为主，进一步也验证了中医的“气积而郁、气虚而郁”理论。
Objective: The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between TCM constitution and mental health status in patients with depression, and further demonstrate the theory of “depression due to qi stagnation, qi depression due to deficiency” in Chinese medicine, and provide theoretical support for TCM treatment of depression. Methods: A total of 245 patients with depression in a hospital in Tangshan City, Hebei Province were selected. After informed consent, the SCL-90 scale, TCM constitution classification and judgment scale and PHQ-9 were used for evaluation. Results: The scores of SCL-90, the average score and the number of positive items in patients with depression were higher than those in the Chinese norm. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The physical types are mainly concentrated in qi stagnation (25.32%), yin deficiency (17.14%) and qi deficiency (13.47%). The difference in the positive detection rate of SCL-90 factors in depression patients with different TCM constitutional types was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Depression patients with different TCM constitution types have a certain relationship with mental health status. Most patients with depression are associated with different degrees of psychological symptoms. Most of the psychological problems of patients with depression are combined. In severe depression, phlegm-dampness, qi-deficiency and qi-stagnation are the main causes; moderate-to-severe depression is yin deficiency and phlegm, wet quality and qi stagnation; moderate depression is mainly qi deficiency, damp heat and yang deficiency; mild depression is mainly qi stagnation, yin deficiency and blood sputum. It verifies the theory of “inflated and stagnation, qi deficiency and depression” in traditional Chinese medicine.
