静止的脸：历史及研究发展
The Research History and Development of Still Face Paradigm

DOI: 10.12677/AP.2019.95112, PP. 911-917

Keywords: 静止的脸，实验范式，依恋，亲子互动
Still Face, Experimental Paradigm, Attachment, Parent-Child Interaction

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Abstract:

静止脸效应(still face effect)是母婴互动中出现的一种现象，当母亲在正常互动中突然表现出“对孩子完全没有反应，并且保持面无表情”时，婴儿也会有相应的回避退缩等行为改变。由于该效应能较为直观地反映婴儿多方面的能力发展，从20世纪70年代起逐渐引起了心理学家的关注。近年来已有许多学者将其标准化为一种实验范式，并使用该实验范式对婴儿的各方面发展进行了研究，涉及的领域包括健康儿童的气质类型、依恋关系、情绪调节能力，自闭症儿童及唐氏综合症儿童社会性发展，母亲特质对亲子互动的影响等。该效应的应用在科学研究及临床干预方面都具有非凡的意义。
Still face effect is a phenomenon observed in the interaction between infants and mothers, when the mother suddenly becomes unresponsive and maintains a neutral facial expression, infant will become withdraw and have avoidant behaviors. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of psychologists during 1970s because it can directly reveal the development of infants from many aspects. In recent years, a number of scholars have standardized this phenomenon into an experimental paradigm, and use this paradigm to analyze the development of infants from different aspects, including fields about temperament, attachment relationship, emotion regulation of healthy children, social ability of children with autism or Down’s syndrome, and the impact of mother traits on the interaction between mother and child. In all, the application of this effect has extraordinary significance in the field of scientific research and clinical intervention.

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