低碳钢中夹杂物的非水溶液电解分析
Non-Aqueous Electrolytic Analysis of Inclusions in Low Carbon Steel

夹杂物的检测方法主要有金相法、分离法，分离法又分为大样电解和小样电解。为了检测重轨钢中的细微夹杂物，本课题得出了一套通过小样电解对钢中细微夹杂物分离、检测的方法，主要包括实验装置、有机电解液、分离方法、检测四个部分。使用该电解液，适当控制电解过程中电压为2~2.5 V、电流密度为20 mA/cm²左右，使用孔径200 nm的滤纸过滤，经过SEM观察结果表明，本方法达到了稳定提取细微夹杂物的目的，且与大样电解法相比，本方法可以有效地提取钢中的硫化物等不稳定夹杂物，且可以有效地提取出5 μm左右的夹杂物。
The detection methods of inclusions mainly include metallographic method and separation method, and the separation method is further divided into large sample electrolysis and small sample electrolysis. In order to detect fine inclusions in heavy rail steel, this paper has obtained a set of methods for separation and detection of fine inclusions in steel by small sample electrolysis, including experimental equipment, organic electrolyte, separation method and observation. Using the electrolyte, the voltage during electrolysis is appropriately controlled to 2 to 2.5 V, the current density is about 20 mA/cm², and filtration is performed using a filter paper having a pore size of 200 nm. After several experiments, the SEM observation shows that the method achieves the pur-pose of stable extraction and fineness, and compared with the large-scale electrolysis method, the method can effectively extract unstable inclusions such as sulfides in the steel, and can effectively extract fine inclusions of about 5 μm.