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岩漆研究现状与展望
Research Status and Prospect of Rock Varnish

DOI: 10.12677/GSER.2019.83028, PP. 264-274

Keywords: 岩漆，研究现状，金沙江干热河谷，演化历史
Rock Varnish, Research Status, Dry-Hot Valley of the Jinsha River, Evolution History

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Abstract:

岩漆是干旱和半干旱地区常见的覆盖在裸露岩石表层的深褐色物质，200多年前就有学者开始关注这种地质体。经过国内外学者的长期研究，学术界对岩漆的物质来源和组成已无太多争议，岩漆的环境变化指示意义研究取得丰富成果，尤其是岩漆显微层理指示的环境变化成果颇丰。关于岩漆的形成原因，虽已形成物理化学成因和生物地球化学成因两大模型，但由于缺乏确切证据，岩漆的形成原因仍然存在争议。综合来看，目前人们对岩漆的研究均局限于现代地理环境中，对于地质历史时期形成的岩漆(即地层中的岩漆)从未有报道，而云南元谋干热河谷及土林地层中发现的“岩漆”或将成为国内岩漆研究的一个新方向，结合岩漆研究热点在全球的空间分布形式来看，岩漆可能指示了一种干旱的地理环境，而元谋干热河谷及土林地层中的岩漆，极有可能成为揭示金沙江干热河谷演化历史的重要证据，值得我们进一步研究。
Rock varnish is a common dark brown material covering bare rock surface in arid and semi-arid areas. More than 200 years ago, scholars began to pay attention to this geological body. After a long-term study by scholars at home and abroad, there is no much controversy about the material source and composition of rock varnish in academic circles. The significance of environmental change indicators of rock varnish has achieved rich results, especially the environmental change indicators of micro-stratification of rock varnish. Although physical-chemical and biogeochemical Genesis models have been established for the formation of rock varnish, there are still disputes about the formation of rock varnish due to lack of definite evidence. Generally speaking, the current research on rock varnish is limited to modern geographical environment. There has never been any report on rock varnish formed in geological history period (i.e. rock varnish in strata). The “rock varnish” found in Yuanmou dry-hot valley and soil forest strata in Yunnan may become a new direction of domestic research on rock varnish. In view of the global spatial distribution of hot spots in rock varnish research, it may indicate an arid geographical environment. Varnish in Yuanmou dry-hot valley and soil-forest strata is likely to be important evidence to reveal the evolution history of Jinsha River dry-hot valley, which deserves our further study.

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