家庭长期收入差距的影响因素研究
A Study on the Influencing Factors of Family Long-Term Income Gap

文章基于CGSS 2012年的截面数据，运用跨代际的基尼系数变动分解的计量经济学模型，具体分析了我国居民家庭收入的代际流动对家庭的长期收入差距的影响。研究结果显示，家庭的社会关系资源及受教育程度会随着孩子的职业生涯发展而增强对家庭代际收入流动的影响。由于代际收入流动的作用，在子女职业生涯的早期，我国居民家庭的长期收入差距呈现缩小的态势；随着子女职业生涯的进一步发展，代际间的家庭收入流动性开始逐渐减弱，导致了家庭的长期收入差距逐步拉大。基于以上研究发现，文章提出了缓解我国家庭长期收入差距、改善低收入家庭福利水平的对策建议。
Based on the cross-sectional data of CGSS in 2012, this paper uses the econometric model of in-ter-generational Gini coefficient variation decomposition to analyze the impact of intergenerational mobility of household income on the long-term income gap of households. The results of the study show that the family’s social relationship resources and education level will increase the impact on family intergenerational income flow as the child's career development. Due to the role of intergenerational income flow, the long-term income gap of Chinese households has shrunk in the early stage of their children’s career. With the further development of their children’s career, the intergenerational family income mobility has gradually weakened, resulting in the decline. The long-term income gap between families has gradually widened. Based on the above research findings, the article proposes countermeasures to alleviate the long-term income gap of families in China and improve the welfare level of low-income families.