弃水控制是汛期水库发电调度的重要环节，降低水库起调水位进行预泄腾库可以有效控制梯级弃水，但如何确定水库起调水位是非常重要的技术问题。本文提出一种基于起调水位上限优化策略的弃水控制方法，以梯级弃水最小为目标，建立优化调度模型，并采用非线性全局优化方法进行求解；采用不同的起调水位策略优化获得特定组合洪水情景的梯级防弃水调度方案集，根据弃水量优选水库起调水位上限，最后采用该思路生成不同频率洪水场景对应的起调水位上限控制策略表。乌江流域构皮滩–思林–沙沱三库联合调度实例结果表明，当梯级遭遇历史最容易出现的洪水组合或者量级很大对水库调度极为不利的洪水组合时，都可以通过本文方法将梯级和各个水库的弃水控制在较低水平。
Spillage control is one of the important part of reservoir operation in flood season, and pre-discharging by reducing the initial water level is an effective method for spillage control. However, how to determine the initial water level of reservoir is a very important technical problem. A spillage control method based on optimization strategy of upper limit initial water level is proposed in the paper. Firstly, with the goal of minimizing spillage for cascade reservoirs, an optimal model is established, and solved by nonlinear global optimization method. Then, for an assumed flood combination scenario, the set of cascade spillage control scheduling schemes is obtained by inputting different initial water level strategies into the previous optimization model, and the optimal upper limit initial water level is achieved by comparing the amount of spillage between different schemes. Finally the upper limit initial water level control strategy table corresponding to different frequency flood scenarios is generated through the above idea. The case study results of the joint scheduling of the three reservoirs (Goupitan, Silin, Shatuo) in Wujiang River Basin show that the spillage water of cascade and each reservoir can be controlled at a lower level by the proposed method, when the cascade encounters the flood combination scenarios which are most likely to occur in history or the flood combination scenarios whose magnitude is very large and is extremely unfavorable to reservoir dispatching.
References
[1]
张永永, 白海涛, 黄强. 乌江梯级水库群弃水变化及减少弃水的措施[J]. 人民黄河, 2014, 36(10): 30-32.
ZHANG Yongyong, BAI Haitao and HUANG Qiang. Analysis on the discharge loss change and reduce measures. Yellow River, 2014, 36(10): 30-32. (in Chinese)
[2]
过团挺, 曹璐, 廖胜利. 基于弃水风险率控制的水库预泄调度方法[J]. 水利水电技术, 2016, 47(4): 88-92.
GUO Tuanting, CAO Lu and LIAO Shengli. Abandoned water risk ratio control-based reservoir pre-discharge control method. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2016, 47(4): 88-92.(in Chinese)
[3]
曹璐, 武新宇, 过团挺, 等. 基于CFS预报产品的水电站水库预泄决策方法[J]. 水电能源科学, 2016, 34(1): 53-56.
CAO Lu, WU Xinyu, GUO Tuanting, et al. Flood pre-discharge decision of hydropower station reservoir based on CFS forecasting. Water Resources and Power, 2016, 34(1): 53-56. (in Chinese)
[4]
原文林, 黄强, 王义民, 等. 最小弃水模型在梯级水库优化调度中的应用[J]. 水力发电学报, 2008, 27(3): 16-21.
YUAN Wenlin, HUANG Qiang, WANG Yimin, et al. Application of minimal abandoned water model in optimal operation of cascade reservoirs. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 2008, 27(3): 16-21.(in Chinese)
[5]
卢康明. 棉花滩水库中小洪水调度研究[J]. 人民珠江, 2016, 37(9): 66-69.
LU Kangming. Research on regulating discharge of Mianhuatan Reservoir when frequent flood happens. Pearl River, 2016, 37(9): 66-69. (in Chinese)
[6]
李相辉, 代永喜, 李秀斌, 等. 白山、红石水库汛期防弃水方案[J]. 水电厂自动化, 2013(1): 53-54.
LI Xianghui, DAI Yongxi, LI Xiubin, et al. Spillage control scheduling scheme of Baishan and Hongshi Reservoir. Hydropower Plant Automation, 2013(1): 53-54.(in Chinese)
[7]
郑志泰, 陈士永. 棉花滩水电站汛期水位控制经济性分析[J]. 人民珠江, 2014, 35(5): 139-141.
ZHENG Zhitai, CHEN Shiyong. Economic analysis of water level control of Mianhuatan Plant in flood season. Pearl River, 2014, 35(5): 139-141. (in Chinese)
[8]
王健, 程春田, 申建建, 等. 水电站群优化调度非线性全局优化方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(17): 5107-5117.
WANG Jian, CHENG Chuntian, SHEN Jianjian, et al. A branch-and-bound based global optimization method for deterministic hydropower operation. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(17): 5107-5117. (in Chinese)
[9]
詹道江, 徐向阳, 陈元芳. 工程水文学[M]. 第4版. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2010.
ZHAN Daojiang, XU Xiangyang and CHEN Yuanfang. Engineering hydrology. 4th Edition. Beijing: China Water Power Press, 2000. (in Chinese)
