庐山森林土壤碳氮硫含量变化特征及影响因素
Variation Characteristic and Influencing Factors of Forest Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Sulfur Contents in Mt. Lushan, East China

DOI: 10.12677/AG.2019.97070, PP. 660-669

Keywords: 庐山，森林土壤，碳氮硫，有机质，环境因子
Mt. Lushan, Forest Soil, Carbon-Nitrogen-Sulfur, Organic Matter, Environmental Factor

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Abstract:

为探究庐山森林土壤中N、C、S元素迁移转化的规律，本文在野外观察的基础上，选取了6个受人类活动干扰较小的采样点进行样品采集，并对其元素含量进行了测定与分析，结果表明：1) 庐山森林土壤中TN、TC、TS含量分别为0.03%~0.48%、0.18%~7.00%、0.02%~0.13%，TN、TC值变化幅度大，TS值变化幅度小；2) 除RZF采样点外，土壤剖面不同发生层TN、TC值随着深度的增加有显著的降低；RZF点分层不明显，故各层TN、TC值差异不显著；3) LL采样点因地形坡度大，土壤元素易被淋失，因此元素含量没有表现出与其他5处采样点相同的变化特征，即TN、TC值随着海拔上升而增加；4) 庐山森林土壤C/N值远小于适宜值25，也低于全国生态系统平均值，变化趋势与TN、TC一致；5) 土壤C/S值均小于200，有机硫矿化作用强。进一步讨论发现，庐山森林土壤生态系统中N、C、S元素的迁移转化主要受温度、地形、地表枯枝落叶量及植被类型影响。
In order to explore the law of the migration and transformation of N, C, S elements in the forest soil in Mt. Lushan, on the basis of field observation, selecting six sampling sites with less disturbed by human activities to collect soil samples and the element content was determined and analyzed in the laboratory. The results showed that: 1) The values of TN, TC and TS in Mt. Lushan forest soil were 0.03% - 0.48%, 0.18% - 7.00%, 0.02% - 0.13%. The variation of TN and TC values was large, while the variation of TS was small. 2) Except for the RZF sampling site, TN and TC values of different layers in soil profile decreased significantly with the increase of depth; the stratification of RZF soil profile was not obvious, so the TN and TC values of each layer had no significant difference. 3) The soil element of LL sampling site was prone to leaching due to the large topographic slope, so the element content did not present the same changing characteristics as the other 5 sampling sites. The TN and TC values of these 5 sampling sites increased with the elevation. 4) The C/N value of Mt. Lushan forest soil was far less than the appropriate value 25 and lower than the average value of the national ecosystem. Its change trend was consistent with TN and TC. 5) C/S value was less than 200, and organic sulfur mineralization was strong. It was found that the migration and transformation of N, C and S elements in Mt. Lushan forest soil ecosystem were mainly affected by the temperature, topography, amount of forest litter and vegetation type.

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