面向工业互联网的实时操作系统虚拟化技术研究
Research on Real-Time Operating System Virtualization Technology for Industrial Internet

工业互联网利用云计算技术为企业提供高可靠、低成本的信息服务，是工业信息化革命中不可或缺的重要组成部分。然而，现有的操作系统无法支持将工业控制中的核心逻辑顺利迁移至互联网上处理，其主要原因是现有的工业互联网没有为传感、传输、处理和反控等过程提供完备的实时性支持，因此无法保证各个环节与系统整体的实时性。操作系统的实时性是系统整体实时性保障的重要环节之一，本文对Linux系统实时性进了改进，包括进程调度、中断处理、高精度的时钟、锁的实时性等方面，使Linux系统在压力测试下平均延时减小到20 μs以内。并且能够支持虚拟化环境，从而实现工业控制应用能够在虚拟化环境中得到实时性保证。
Industrial Internet uses cloud computing technology to provide enterprises with high-reliability and low-cost information services, which is an indispensable part of the industrial information revolution. However, the existing operating systems cannot support the smooth migration of the core logic of industrial control to the Internet for processing. The core reason is that the existing industrial Internet does not provide complete real-time support for sensing, transmission, processing and control processes, so it cannot guarantee the real-time performance of all links and systems as a whole. Real-time operation system is one of the important links to guarantee the whole real-time performance of the system. This paper improves the real-time performance of Linux system, including process scheduling, interrupt processing, high-precision clock, real-time lock and so on. It reduces the average delay of Linux system under pressure test to less than 20 μs. It can support virtualization environment, so that industrial control applications can be guaranteed real-time in virtualization environment.