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美洲鲥卵巢发育不同阶段氨基酸组成及含量变化
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Abstract:
本文对美洲鲥亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵巢组织的氨基酸含量及组成进行了测定，并分析了不同性腺发育阶段的氨基酸变化。结果表明，卵巢处于II、III和IV期发育阶段的美洲鲥亲鱼，其总氨基酸含量均表现为在肝脏中含量高于卵巢组织，而在V和VI两个阶段，亲鱼卵巢中总氨基酸含量高于肝脏组织。在总氨基酸的组成上，肌肉含量高的氨基酸为谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸和丙氨酸，且卵巢处于II、III和IV期的亲鱼肌肉总氨基酸含量均显著高于V和VI期；肝脏含量较高的分别为谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、赖氨酸和亮氨酸，随着卵巢的发育，V和VI期肝脏总氨基酸含量均显著高于II期；卵巢含量较高的分别为谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、亮氨酸、缬氨酸和丙氨酸，随着卵巢的发育，II、III和IV期卵巢组织中总氨基酸含量显著低于V和VI期。综上所述，美洲鲥亲鱼在繁殖季节，除了正常的生理活动耗能外，也存在氨基酸由肌肉和肝脏向卵巢中转移的现象。从氨基酸百分比组成上看，不同发育阶段各个组织的氨基酸组成均较为稳定，反映了物种氨基酸组成的保守性。
In the study, we determined the amino acids contents and compositions of the muscle, liver and gonad tissues of American shad brood stocks and analyzed the amino acid changes during the gonad development. The results indicated that the total amino acid contents of liver was higher than that in ovary tissue as the ovary in the development from II to IV stages, but at V and VI stages, the total amino acid contents of ovary were higher than that in liver tissue. Glu, Asp, Leu, Arg and Ala were dominant in total amino acid composition of the muscle, and the total amino acid contents of muscle in II, III and IV stages were significantly higher than those in V and VI stages; while Glu, Asp, Lys and Leu were dominant in total amino acid composition of the liver, and with the development of the gonad, the total amino acid contents of liver in V and VI stages were significantly higher than that in II stage; In addition, Glu, Asp, Leu, Val and Ala were dominant in total amino acid composition of ovary, and with the development of ovaries, the total amino acid contents of ovary in II, III and IV stages were significantly lower than those in V and VI stages. It is therefore suggested that the amino acid was preferentially transferred from muscle and liver to ovary with the maturation of gonad except the normal physical energy consumption. From the percentage composition of amino acids, the amino acid composition in the various tissues was relatively stable at different development stages, reflecting the conservation of amino acid composition of species.
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