评估液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末之免疫调节功能
Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Effect of Powdered Antrodia cinnamomea in Submerged Culture

本试验目的在评估液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末之免疫调节功能，依照卫生福利部公告的《健康食品免疫调节功能评估方法》，以喂管喂食BALB/c小鼠模式，藉由小鼠体重、抗体、细胞激素、吞噬细胞活性、自然杀手活性等等测试与分析，以进行评估。将雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分成4组，分为控制组及三液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末剂量组；三剂量组分别相当于成人每日液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末建议剂量的0.5倍(0.5XAc, 1890 mg/day/kg)、1倍(1XAc, 3780 mg/day/kg)和2倍(2XAc, 7560 mg/day/kg)。并使用卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, ova)诱发特异性免疫反应。结果显示，对照组与各剂量组小鼠的体重没有显著差异，显示液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末对于小鼠生长均无不良的影响。观察脾脏中淋巴细胞数目消长，发现三测试剂量均不影响MHC I、MHC II、T及B细胞次群之比率，显示在测试剂量范围内，液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末对于小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞次群无异常的影响。在非特异性免疫反应方面，液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末可显著活化自然杀手细胞，促进IgM抗体早期生成，提升脾脏T淋巴细胞的增生，同时能促进脾脏细胞自发性IL-2及IFN-γ的分泌。至于特异免疫反应方面，液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末对ova特异淋巴细胞之增生有提升的作用，以及明显的提升脾脏ova特异性淋巴细胞分泌IL-2和IFN-γ的分泌，并可显著的抑制脾脏ova特异性淋巴细胞分泌IL-4。综上所述，液态发酵樟芝菌丝体粉末具有活化自然杀手细胞，促进淋巴细胞增生，调节细胞激素分泌，倾向于增加Th1免疫反应的表现。
The aim of this study is to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of powdered Antrodia cinnamo-mea in submerged culture. The experiment followed the “Evaluation method for ingredients with immunomodulation effect” published by the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare. In brief, the immunomodulatory effect of powdered Antrodia cinnamomea in submerged culture was evaluated through various parameters including body weights, serum immunoglobulin, cytokine value, phagocytic activities of phagocytes, and natural killer cell activity. A total of forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups including the control group, and three groups administrated different doses of powdered Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia equivalent to the recommended daily doses for adults (0.5XAc, 1890 mg/day/kg, 1XAc, 3780 mg/day/kg and 2XAc, 7560 mg/day/kg). After powdered Antrodia cinnamomeamycelia was orally administered, the BALB/c mice were immunized with ovalbumin. Results showed that no significant differences in the body weights were observed between control and test groups. Moreover, there was no overall effect on the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations; the ratio of splenic MHC I, MHC II, T cells and B cells in powdered Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia treated animals was the same as controls, suggesting that powdered Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia does not have any obvious toxic effect. However, in non-specific immune response, powdered Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia can significantly activate natural killer cells, promote the early production of IgM antibodies, and enhance the proliferation of splenic T lymphocytes, which lead to spontaneous secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ. In specific immune responses, powdered Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia can stimulate the proliferation of OVA-specific lymphocytes, which can significantly increase the secretion of IL-2 and