利用常规气象站地面观测资料，探空资料和空气质量数据，分析了宁波市2010~2018年霾情况，结果表明，《大气污染防治条例》颁布以来，宁波市霾日数明显减少，持续型霾过程一般持续4天左右。造成持续型霾的地面气压场可分为高压场，均压场，冷空气缓慢扩散场三种主要类型，分别占总数的72%，11%，17%。霾过程的高空形势主要有平直西风型和副高控制型。低空风切变和地面风速与能见度在高压场控制期成正相关，而在弱冷空气扩散场控制时相关性不明显。K值或T925-850越大，则越利于污染物垂直扩散稀释，提高能见度，反之会导致霾加重。
Based on the ground weather observation data, sounding data, and air quality data, the haze situation of Ningbo City in 2010-2018 was analyzed. The results show that: since the “Air Pollution Control Regulations” were promulgated, the number of haze days in Ningbo has been significantly reduced, and the persistent haze process usually lasts about 4 days. The surface pressure field which causes continuous haze can be divided into three main types: high pressure field, equal pressure field, and cold air slow diffusion field, which account for 72%, 11%, and 17% of the total, respectively. And the high-altitude situation in the haze process can be mainly straight westerly and sub-tropic high control. Low-altitude wind shear and ground wind speed have a positive correlation with visibility during the control period of the high-pressure field, but the correlation is not obvious when controlled by the weak-cold air diffusion field. The larger the K value or T925-850 is, the more conducive it is to the vertical diffusion and dilution of pollutants, so the visibility can be improved, and conversely, haze will be aggravated.
Ge, X.L., Zhang, Q., Sun, Y.L., et al. (2012) Effect of Aqueous-Phase Processing on Aerosol Chemistry and Size Distributions in Fresno, California, during Wintertime. Environmental Chemistry, 9, 221-235.
[13]
Sun, Y.L., Wang, Z.F., Fu, P.Q., et al. (2013) The Impact of Relative Humidity on Aerosol Composition and Evolution Processes during Wintertime in Beijing, China. Atmospheric Environment, 77, 927-934.
