章村伊利石矿中主要粘土矿物的微观形貌特征及成因分析
Microscopic Morphological Characteristics of Main Clay Minerals in Zhangcun Illite Ores and Their Genetic Type Analysis

DOI: 10.12677/AG.2020.102008, PP. 62-68

Keywords: 扫描电镜，章村，粘土矿物，沉积改造，热液作用
SEM, Zhangcun, Clay Minerals, Sedimentation Reformation, Hydrothermal Process

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Abstract:

使用高分辨率扫描电镜和图像分析技术对章村伊利石矿中主要粘土矿物的微观形貌特征进行了研究。结果表明：1) 伊利石的镜下形貌一般呈弯曲的鳞片状，也有的呈叶片状；2) 伊/蒙混层矿物主要有带状薄片，片状边缘有丝状，部分呈尖角直边的鳞片状；3) 叶腊石多呈鳞片状，有的呈板片环绕而成的空心管状；4) 蛇纹石呈明显的波形褶皱的细小片状；5) 绿泥石主要呈玫瑰花朵状。结合该伊利石矿的地质条件和地质背景，依据各种粘土矿物的微观形貌特征对它们的成因类型进行了分析，分析结果表明：该伊利石矿中伊利石矿物为沉积改造型伊利石；叶腊石、蛇纹石与绿泥石是受热液作用控制而形成；伊/蒙混层矿物为伊利石向蒙脱石转化过程中所形成的产物。
The microscopic morphological characteristics of main clay minerals in Zhangcun illite ores were studied by using high-resolution scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and image analysis tech-nology. The results show that: 1) the illites generally appear as crooked scaly and foliated partly; 2) illite/smectite (I/S) mixed layered minerals are banding flake with filamentous edge mostly and cusp type flake partly; 3) pyrophyllite appears to be flake and tabular sheet forming hollow pipe; 4) serpentinite is obviously fine flake with wavy shape; 5) chlorite appears as rose flower-like. The genetic types of main clay minerals were analyzed according to their microscopic morphological characteristics combining with geological conditions and geological background of study area. It is concluded that illite is sedimentation reformation type; the formation of pyrophyllite, serpentinite and chlorite were controlled by hydrothermal process and the I/S mixed layered mineral is transitional product during the transformation from illite to smectite.

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