基于正交试验设计制备超轻质泡沫混凝土
Design and Preparation of Ultra-Lightweight Foam Concrete Based on Orthogonal Test

以陶瓷废渣粉为主要原料，通过物理发泡、蒸压养护制备超轻质泡沫混凝土。基于正交设计试验，讨论了早强剂、减水剂的作用及影响制品性能和气孔结构的关键因素，确定了物料最佳配合比。结果表明，影响制品性能的关键因素依次为水泥、水料比及生石灰；添加适量的减水剂和早强剂，有利于提高泡沫稳定性和调控浆料的稠化速度，形成孔径均匀的超低容重多孔体。实验条件下，按陶瓷废渣粉:水泥:生石灰 = 74:11:15、水料比为0.86进行配料，外加占胶凝材料1.5%的减水剂和占总物料2%的早强剂，制得体积密度190 kg/m3，抗压强度0.60 MPa，导热系数0.043 W/(m·k)的超轻质蒸压泡沫混凝土。
Using ceramic waste powder as the main raw material, ultra-lightweight foam concrete was prepared by physical foaming and autoclaved curing. Based on the orthogonal design test, the effects of early strength agent and water reducing agent and the key factors affecting the properties and porosity of the products were discussed, and the optimum mixture ratio of the materials was determined. The results showed that the key factors influencing the product performance are the ratio of cement, water to material and quick lime successively. Adding proper amount of water reducing agent and early strength agent is beneficial to improve the foam stability and control the thickening speed of slurry to form a uniform ultra-low bulk density porous body. Under the experimental conditions, the ultra-lightweight autoclaved foamed concrete with volume density of 190 kg/m3, compressive strength of 0.60 MPa and thermal conductivity of 0.043 W/(m·k) was prepared. The optimal mass ratio of basic materials was ceramic waste powder:cement:quicklime = 74:11:15, and the ratio of water to material was 0.86. Also, water-reducing agent accounting for 1.5% of cementations material and early strength agent accounting for 2% of the total material are added, respectively.