为了研究实际道路中影响电动汽车电耗的因素，在天津市选取了三条典型路线，分别是市区拥堵、郊区畅通和郊区高速，进行了若干次道路试验。然后以某款电动汽车为原型，运用AVL Cruise建立了整车系统动力学模型，并以此对三种工况下电动汽车的能耗进行了仿真试验，研究了道路工况特征对整车能耗的影响。结果表明三种路况下的速度、加速度分布差异较大，而且电动汽车在郊区高速路况下能耗最大，城市拥堵路况次之，郊区畅通路况下能耗最小，说明道路工况中的速度、加速度分布是影响电动汽车能耗的主要因素之一。
In order to study the factors affecting the power consumption of electric vehicles in the actual road, three typical routes were selected in Tianjin, namely urban congestion, suburban smooth and suburban high speed, and several road tests were carried out. Then, based on a certain elec-tric vehicle, AVL Cruise was used to establish the dynamic model of the whole vehicle system to research the influence of road condition on energy consumption of electric vehicle based on si-mulation of three kinds of road condition. The results show that the speed and acceleration dis-tribution of the three kinds of road conditions are different, and the energy consumption was the highest on highway condition, the urban congestion is the second most, and the suburban smooth is the least, which indicates that the speed and acceleration in the road conditions is one of the main factors affecting the energy consumption of electric vehicles.
