This article compares labor laws in China, Russia, and the US. It demonstrates how mimetic isomorphic tendencies and general principles of fairness such as equality, equity, and need may have resulted in similarities in the labor laws across all 3 countries. However, it is also shown that unique cultural, social, and historical factors have created significant differences in these labor laws. Understanding these differences will inform policy makers and business leaders.
References
[1]
Addati, L., Cassirer, N., & Gilchrist, K. (2014). Maternity and Paternity at Work: Law and Practice across the World (p. 138). Geneva: International Labour Organization.
[2]
Bliss, A. J. (1997). Comment: Proletariat to Perestroika: A Comparison of Labor Law in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal, 18, 264-269.
[3]
Boguen, A. (2019). Understanding China Employment and Labor Law. Shanghai: New Horizons Global Partners. https://nhglobalpartners.com/china-employment-law
[4]
Brown, D. (2019). Apple Denies It Violated Labor Laws in China; Report Alleges Harsh Working Conditions. USA Today. https://advance.lexis.com/api/document?collection=news&id=urn:contentItem:5X15-K1K1-DYRR-94X1-00000-00&context=1516831
[5]
Brown, R. C. (2010). Understanding Labor and Employment Law in China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511642258
[6]
Brown, R. C. (2012). East Asian Labor and Employment Law: International and Comparative Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139087629
[7]
Cheng, H., Flores, G., Singh, S., & Posthuma, R. (2018). Employment Discrimination Laws: A Country Level Analysis of Voice and Accountability. International Journal of Law and Management, 60, 1286-1298. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-06-2017-0129
[8]
Cooney, S., Gahan, P., & Mitchell, R. (2011). Legal Origins, Labour Law and the Regulation of Employment Relations. In Research Handbook of Comparative Employment Relations (pp. 75-97). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857936318.00010
[9]
Daurbekov, A. (2018). Agreement of Non-Competition in the Labor Law of China. Sociopolitical Sciences, 3, 127-130.
[10]
Deak, L. (1995). Customary International Labor Laws and Their Application in Russia. Tulsa Journal of Comparative & International Law, 2, 319.
[11]
Demidov, N. V. (2019). Criteria for the Formation of the Labour-Law Branch in Russia. Russian Juridical Journal, 128, 118-131.
[12]
Dimaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. American Sociological Review, 48, 147-160. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101
[13]
Dowling Jr., D. C. (2001). The Practice of International Labor & Employment Law: Escort Your Labor/Employment Clients into the Global Millennium. The Labor Lawyer, 17, 1-23.
[14]
Filipova, I. (2016). An Employment Contract: The Concept, Form, and Contact, an Example of Russian, French, UK, US, and Chinese Legislation. Russian Juridical Journal, 108, 187-194.
[15]
Franceschini, I. (2020). Hegemonic Transformation: The State, Laws, and Labour Relations in Post-Socialist China. China Journal, 81, 172-174. https://doi.org/10.1086/700369
[16]
Garcia, M. F., Posthuma, R. A., & Quiñones, M. (2010). How Benefit Information and Demographics Influence Employee Recruiting in Mexico. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25, 523-531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-010-9175-4
[17]
Gerasimova, E., Korshunova, T., & Chernyava, D. (2017). New Russian Legislation on Employment of Teleworkers: Comparative Assessment and Implications for Future Development. Pravo. Zhurnal Vyssheyshkoly Ekonomiki, No. 2, 116-129. https://doi.org/10.17323/2072-8166.2017.2.116.129
[18]
Gonzalez, A., Sharma, S., & Subhash, H. (2016). Enforcement Capacity and the Impact of Labor Regulation: Evidence from the Russian Federation. Washington DC: The World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7888
[19]
Harper, V. E. (2009). The 60th Anniversary of the PRC; a Retrospective on the Chinese Legal System: From Contracts to Compliance? An Early Look at Implementation under China’s New Labor Legislation. Columbia Journal of Asian Law, 23, 35.
[20]
International Business Publications (IBP) (2016). Russian Business Law Handbook Vol. 16 Labor Laws and Regulations.
[21]
Isaacs, J., Lu, Z., & An, B. (2019). China Employment Law Update. https://globalcompliancenews.com/china-employment-law-update-june-2019-20190704
[22]
Jia, N., Dong, X., & Song, Y. P. (2018). Paid Maternity Leave and Breastfeeding in Urban China. Feminist Economics, 24, 31-53. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2017.1380309
[23]
Jing, L. (2009). China’s New Labor Contract Law and Protection for Workers. Fordham International Law Journal, 32, 1083.
[24]
Lee, S., McCann, D., & Messenger, J. C. (2007). Working Time around the World: Trends in Working Hours, Laws, and Policies in a Global Comparative Perspective. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge.
[25]
Mahy, P., Mitchell, R., Sutherland, C. et al. (2019). Measuring Worker Protection Using Leximetrics: Illustrating a New Approach in Four Asia-Pacific Countries. American Journal of Comparative Law, 67, 515-549. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/avz024
[26]
Ministry of Labor and Social Security of the Russian Federation (2017). Letter No. 14-2/B-942. https://www.borenius.ru/en/2017/11/ministry-labour-on-non-compete-clauses
[27]
Piper, D. L. A. (2016). China Ministry of Human Resources Issues Three New Regulations to Strengthen Enforcement of Labor Laws in 2017. https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=9f8c2e5d-91f8-4171-b584-7804afc1ddc4
[28]
Posthuma, R. A. (2012). Will Your Workers Sue You? State-by-State Risks and Strategic Responses. Business Horizons, 55, 65-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2011.09.004
[29]
Posthuma, R. A., Dworkin, J. B., Torres, V., & Bustillos, D. (2000). Labor and Employment Laws in Mexico and the US: An International Comparison. Labor Law Journal, 51, 95-111.
[30]
Posthuma, R. A., Flores, G. L., Dworkin, J. B., & Pavel, S. (2016). Social Context and Employment Lawsuit Dispute Resolution. International Journal of Conflict Management, 27, 547-569. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-10-2015-0072
[31]
Posthuma, A., & Ebert, F. (2011). Labour Provisions in Trade Arrangements: Current Trends and Perspectives (p. 205). International Institute for Labour Studies Discussion Paper.
[32]
Posthuma, R. A., Roehling, M. V., & Campion, M. A. (2006). Applying US Employment Discrimination Laws to International Employers: Advice for Scientists and Practitioners. Personnel Psychology, 59, 705-739. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00051.x
[33]
Pull, K. (2002). The Comparative Attractiveness of International Business Locations: The Role of Labor Law. Management Decision, 40, 647-654. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740210438472
[34]
Rawls, J. (1971). A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
[35]
Remington, T. F., & Cui, X. W. (2015). The Impact of the 2008 Labor Contract Law on Labor Disputes in China. Journal of East Asian Studies, 15, 271-299. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1598240800009371
[36]
Roehling, M. V., Posthuma, R. A., & Hickox, S. (2008). Foundations for Understanding the Legal Environment of HRM in a Global Context. In The Routledge Companion to Strategic Human Resource Management (pp. 87-105). Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203889015.pt3
[37]
Sychenko, E. (2019). The Development of Russian Labor Law. Eastern Europe & Central Asia, 8, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2019.0003
[38]
Tiefenbrun, S. (2017). China’s Employment Laws and Their Impact on Women Working in China. U.C. Davis Journal of International Law & Policy, 23, 253.
[39]
Torres, R. (2013). World of Work Report 2013: Repairing the Economic and Social Fabric. Geneva: International Labour Organisation, International Institute for Labour Studies. https://doi.org/10.1002/wow3.34
[40]
Wang, J. T. (2009). Comment: Article 14 of China’s New Labor Contract Law: Using Open-Term Contracts to Appropriately Balance Worker Protection and Employer Flexibility. Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal, 18, 433.
[41]
Yang, G. (2017). The China Employment Law Guide. Seattle, Washington DC: TCK Publishing.
