The earthquake
number was correlated (R2 = 0.8781) with the volcano number in the East
Pacific and Central American countries. The year of volcanic eruptions in the Galapagos
Hot Spot (GHS) was proportional to the year of El Niño events (R2 = 0.9939)
as well as to the year of earthquake events (R2 = 0.9943) in Ecuador,
Colombia, and Peru from 1977 to 2016. Therefore, there can be El Niño and earthquake
events in Ecuador, Colombia and Peru if there are strong volcanic eruptions either
from aboveground volcanoes or undersea seamounts in the GHS during the maximal sunspot
number’s period.
Global volcanic eruptions were occurred during the maximal temperature departure,
the latter being reversely proportional (R2 = 0.4512) to the sunspot
number from 1980 to 2019. Forest fires occurred in middle latitude countries (South
Korea, California, western Russia, Australia) around 35 degree from Pacific Equator during La Niña events at the time ofthe minimal sunspot number.
Since there were intense forest fires in South Korea, Australiaand California in
2019, moreare expected
in 2030 due to the 11 year cyclical variation in the sunspot number. The sequence
of forest fires can be schematically summarized as below. 1) La Niña event in Equator causes the low vapor pressure of water due
to the low sea surface temperature (SST); 2) There is the pumping of freshwater
from the warm
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