植物响应高锰胁迫的研究进展
Advances in Research on the Response of Plants to High Manganese Stress

DOI: 10.12677/BR.2019.86056, PP. 445-153

Keywords: 锰胁迫，区域化，螯合，抗氧化系统，锰转运蛋白
Manganese Stress, Regionalization, Metal Chelation, Antioxidant System, Transporter Protein

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Abstract:

随着锰矿区的开采，越来越多的土壤受到了锰污染，关于锰毒和植物抗锰机制的研究对治理锰污染土壤具有重要的意义。本文综述了高浓度锰对植物不同组织生长发育和生理生化过程的毒害作用，并重点阐述了植物响应高浓度锰的策略：通过植物根系的限制吸收、锰离子的外排、金属螯合作用、细胞内区域化等被动逃避策略和启动抗氧化系统，合成锰的吸收、转运有关的关键蛋白质和基因表达等主动耐受适应策略。最后，本文综合以上研究进展，并提出了一些具有参考价值的展望，通过对植物抗锰机理进行不断深入的研究，以实现利用植物修复技术治理重金属土壤污染，为提高农作物对重金属胁迫的抗性提供了理论基础。
With the mining of manganese ore, more and more soils are contaminated by manganese. There-fore, researches focused on manganese toxicity and the response of plant to high concentration of manganese, playing an important role in controlling manganese-contaminated soil. This paper reviewed the toxic effects of high concentration manganese in plant seedling growth and development, and the response of plants to high manganese stress. The strategies included limited absorption of plants, efflux of manganese, metal chelation, regionalization and antioxidant systems, the proteins and genes involved in absorption and transportation of manganese in plants. Above all, we proposed several advices on the future scope of plants response to high manganese stress, which paved the way for phytoremediation technology to control soil pollution and improving the tolerance of crops to metal stress.

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