美国的风景道体系阐释
Elucidating on the Scenic Byway System of the United States

为清晰、完整地了解美国风景道的发展脉络、体系构成，帮助推进中国风景道的制度框架、风景道体系的概念框架、风景道规划设计等理论思考和规划实践，作者主要以“America、USA、scenic road、scenic byway”为关键词，对获取的大量在线文献进行详细分析，结果表明：1) 美国风景道发展的标志性工程、事件和计划是美国风景道体系现今格局的历史、条件和规制基础；2) 美国的风景道不仅有政府维系的官方体系，还存在民间机构维护的民间体系；3) 我国对美国风景道体系的研究认识基本上限于美国的“国家风景道计划”，需要补充；4) 美国风景道建设、发展和制度建设对我国目前蓬勃发展的自驾旅游及其对风景道的广泛、迫切需求具有重要借鉴作用。
In order to understand the development history and the formation of the United States’ scenic byway system, and also help to establish the institutional, conceptual framework of the Chinese scenic byway system, the author acquires lots of online literature and documents by the key words America, USA, scenic road, scenic byway. These literature and documents are analyzed in detail. It concludes: 1) the landmark projects, events and programs in the history of the American scenic byways are the basis of the current pattern of the American scenic byway; 2) a nongovernmental scenic byway system which is maintained by a volunteer folk organization exits, except for the official one, i.e., the US federal governmental scenic byway system; 3) up till now, the studies on the American scenic byways in China are confined themselves in the National Scenic Byways Program. This is obviously insufficient; 4) the construction of Chinese scenic byway system could learn a lot from the over hundreds of years’ development of the American scenic byway system.