低温对海南野生稻光合作用的影响
Effect of Low Temperature on the Photosynthesis in Hainan Wild Rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.)

DOI: 10.12677/HJAS.2019.910135, PP. 963-970

Keywords: 野生稻，低温，净光合速率，量子效率，光合色素
Oryza rufipogon Griff., Low Temperature, Net Photosynthetic Rate, Apparent Quantum Yield (AQY), Photosynthetic Pigments

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Abstract:

以海南野生稻、日本晴与9311为材料，测定了它们在低温胁迫前后的净光合速率、气孔导度、表观量子效率、羧化效率、光系统II最大光化学量子效率及光合色素含量。结果表明，低温胁迫前，3个材料的上述光合生理指标值差异不显著；但低温(6天平均日均温为12.57℃，平均日最低温为9.37℃，平均日最高温为16.60℃)胁迫后，海南野生稻上述光合生理指标值均显著高于2个栽培稻品种(P < 0.05)，且低温胁迫后的值与低温胁迫前的值相比，其上述光合生理指标值维持的百分率(64.30%~83.40%)也明显高于2个栽培稻品种维持的百分率(4.65%~69.99%)。说明海南野生稻光合作用对低温的忍耐能力强于栽培稻日本晴与9311。
Using Hainan wild rice and cultivated rice phenotypes of nipponbare and 9311 as materials, the photosynthetic parameters as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, apparent quantum yield (AQY), carboxylation efficiency (CE), maximal photon quantum efficiency of PSII (F_v/F_m), and photosynthetic pigments contents were determined before and after low temperature. The results showed there were no significant difference of above photosynthetic parameters between Hainan wild rice and two cultivated rice phenotypes before low temperature, but the parameters of Hainan wild rice were significantly (P < 0.05) high than those of typical cultivars after low temperature (the average daily mean, minimum, and maximum temperature from Oct. 26 to Oct. 31, 2010 at Changsha were 12.57？C, 9.37？C, and 16.60？C, respectively), and its ratios of above parameters after low temperature to before low temperature were 64.30% - 83.40%, obviously higher than those of typical cultivars (4.65% - 69.99%). The results suggest that the cold tolerance of photosynthesis of Hainan wild rice is strong than those of cultivated rice phenotypes of nipponbare and 9311.

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