狂犬病疫苗研究进展
Research Progress on Rabies Vaccine

DOI: 10.12677/HJBM.2019.93021, PP. 143-147

Keywords: 狂犬病疫苗，狂犬病毒，研究
Rabies Vaccine, Rabies Virus, Research

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Abstract:

狂犬病是由狂犬病毒引起的人畜共患传染病。狂犬病毒感染温血动物和人类的中枢神经系统后导致急性致命脑脊髓炎。狂犬病疫苗的开发有着悠久的历史，19世纪后期开发出第一代狂犬病疫苗，随后开发出更高疗效和更少不良反应的第二代和第三代疫苗，疫苗的正确应用对于防止狂犬病的发展是非常有效的。大量的实验性疫苗正在发展中，包括DNA疫苗、重组病毒疫苗和重组蛋白疫苗。本文概述狂犬病接种疫苗的过去、现在和可能的未来。
Rabies is a zoonotic infection caused by rabies virus. The rabies virus infects the central nervous system of warm-blooded animals and humans leading to acute lethal encephalomyelitis. The development of rabies vaccine has a long history. The first generation of rabies vaccine was developed in the late 19th century, followed by the development of second- and third-generation vaccines with higher efficacy and less adverse reactions. The correct application of vaccines to prevent the development of rabies is very effective. A large number of experimental vaccines are under development, including DNA vaccines, recombinant viral vaccines and recombinant protein vaccines. This article outlines the past, present and possible future of rabies vaccine.

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