体育产业的发展带动了我国大型公共体育场馆的建设，但我国人均健身场地不足与场馆资源浪费闲置的问题同时存在，如何实现体育场馆资源的优化配置、提高场馆运营效率、实现社会和经济双重效益有赖于场馆运营管理体制的合理选择。本文总结了目前我国大型公共体育场馆运营管理体制主要有3种：传统事业单位管理体制、企业化管理体制和企事业双轨运行管理体制。分析比较了3种运营管理体制的不同及其优势，认为传统事业单位管理体制的体育场馆社会效益最佳，企业化管理体制的体育场馆经济效益最明显，采用企事业双轨管理体制能较好的实现经济和社会效益。根据3种管理体制目前所存在的问题，提出了要落实国家支持政策、推动体育场馆发展；积极推进体育场馆运营管理体制进行分类改革；坚持经济效益和社会效益相统一；建立有效的激励和约束机制；重视公共体育场馆经营管理人才的培养等建议。
The development of the sports industry has led to the construction of large public stadiums in China, but the shortage of fitness venues per capital and the waste of spare stadium resources exist at the same time. How to realize the optimal allocation of stadium resources, improve the operational efficiency of the stadium and realize the double benefit of the society and economy depends on the reasonable choice of the stadium operation management system. This paper summarizes three kinds of large-scale public sports stadium’s operation and management system in current China: the traditional institution management system, the enterprise management system and the enterprise and enterprise two-track operation management system. This paper analyzes and compares the differences of the three kinds of operation management system and its advantages, and thinks that the sports stadiums in the management system of traditional institutions have the best social benefits, the economic benefits of the sports stadiums in the enterprise management system are the most obvious, and the economic benefits of the two-track management system of enterprises and institutions can achieve economic and social benefits better. According to the existing problems of the three management systems, some suggestions are put forward to implement the state support policy, promote the development of stadiums, actively promote the classification reform of the operation and management system of stadiums, adhere to the unity of economic and social benefits, establish an effective incentive and restraint mechanism, and attach importance to the training of management personnel of public sports stadiums.
