Application of Multivariate Statistic of U, Th and Pb Concentrations and Pb Isotopic Signatures in the Assessment of Geogenic and Anthropogenic Sources in a U-Mineralized Area

DOI: 10.4236/gep.2019.76001, PP. 1-12

Keywords: Environmental Monitoring, Statistical Analysis, Lead Stable Isotopes, Anthropogenic Sources, Geogenic Sources

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Abstract:

This work presents a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) study using Pbisotope signatures and U, Th and Pb concentrations from groundwater, sediments and rocks (granites and orthogneisses) of the Complex of Lagoa Real (Bahia, Brazil). This area is naturally enriched in U and Th, with the occurrence of Pb derived from the radioactive decay of the elements (²³⁸U, ²³⁵U and ²³²Th) in the form of their stable isotopes ²⁰⁶Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb in addition to the natural isotope ²⁰⁴Pb. Sampling was carried out in the rainy season (December to January) and the points were selected according to regional hydrology and geology. Thirty samples were analyzed: 12 of groundwater (AP) and 18 of sediments (S). The results show that the use of isotopic ratios allows discrimination between geogenic and anthropogenic samples. This information is not obtained using only the analysis of concentration data. Statistically, the isotopic data of Pb stand out as an efficient tool in the characterization of sources in the scenario investigated, allowing an effective environmental monitoring and a better management of the mining activities.

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