车辆垂向轮轨力识别方法与试验
Vertical Wheel/Rail Force Identification Method for Railway Vehicle and Its Test Validation

为了解决轨道车辆轮轨接触载荷难以直接测量的问题，提出了一种轮轨接触力时域识别方法。建立了考虑浮沉和点头的10自由度车辆垂向振动模型，利用车辆系统的加速度响应和位移响应实现了对车辆垂向轮轨接触力的识别；反演模型同时能够实现已测量响应的再现以及对其他非测量部位响应的识别。利用滚动振动试验台测试数据对反演模型进行了验证，研究结果表明：反演模型能够较为准确地对车辆垂向轮轨力进行识别，同时在预测车辆系统非测量部位响应以及测量部位响应再现方面也具有较高的精度，相关系数均大于0.9，为极强相关。
In light of the difficulty of directly measuring the wheel-rail contact force, a time domain identification method is proposed. First, a 10-degrees-of-freedom vehicle inversion model of vertical vibration considering the vertical and pitch is established. Then, the wheel-rail contact force is identified based on the system’s acceleration and displacement responses. The measured responses are reconstructed and the unmeasured responses are identified. The inversion model is verified using a rolling-vibration test-bed. The identification and experimental results are highly relevant, with a correlation coefficient of over 0.9.