高速列车受电弓区车内噪声研究与控制
Internal Noise Research and Control Measures of Pantograph Area of High-Speed Trains

针对高速列车受电弓区噪声相对较高的问题，提出受电弓减振安装方案，并在模拟实车环境下验证了其降噪效果和可靠性。首先，在某高速列车上进行了线路运行条件下受电弓区振动和噪声测试，分析发现结构振动是该区域噪声传播的重要方式，设计了一种独特的锥形椭圆结构减振座，用于受电弓弹性安装；其次，搭建了模拟现车试验台，验证减振座的降噪效果；最后，进行了总计252万次的疲劳试验以验证减振座的可靠性。试验结果表明，该减振座能够有效减小受电弓振动对车体的激励，从而降低该区域的噪声，降噪效果约为4 dB(A)，其疲劳可靠性能够满足线路运行要求。
The vibration attenuation treatment, rather than sound insulation treatment is applied for pantograph mounting in this paper. First, the on-line noise and vibration of pantograph area is tested on a high-speed train. The results illustrate that the structure vibration is the main transmission mode of the noise in this area. Based on such idea, a special vibration absorber is designed for pantograph mounting. Then, its noise reduction performance is evaluated on a real-car-simulating test bench. Finally, 2,520,000 times of the fatigue test are carried out to verify the reliability of the vibration absorber. The test results show that the noise and vibration can be significantly reduced after adopting the absorber. The sound pressure level at the standard point (1.2 m above the floor) can be reduced by 4 dB(A). And the fatigue reliability can meet the requirements of operation reliability.