工程车辆油气弹簧的建模与特性分析
Modeling and Characteristics Analysis of Hydro-Pneumatic Spring of Engineering Vehicle

为了研究油气温度的变化对油气弹簧特性的影响，设计了油气弹簧综合性能试验系统和温度间接测试系统，建立了油气弹簧振动模型。首先，采用等价线性化和泰勒展开相结合的方法求得了振动模型的近似解析解，通过与试验数据对比表明，包含温度系数的数学模型更接近于实际情况；然后，在此基础上分析了油气温度的变化对油气弹簧阻尼和刚度的影响。结果表明，油液温度的升高使油气弹簧阻尼力减小，降低了油气弹簧的减振效果；而氮气温度的增加使油气弹簧的刚度增大，增大了油气弹簧的承载能力。
In order to study the influence of oil and gas temperature variation on characteristics of a hydro-pneumatic spring, the test bench of the comprehensive performance and the temperature test system of the spring were designed, and a vibration model was established. Then, the approximate analytic solution of the vibration model was obtained using a combination of the equivalent linearization method and Taylor expansion. The mathematical model with the temperature coefficient was closer to the actual situation than the experimental data was. Based on this, analysis of the influence of temperature variation on the damping and stiffness of the hydro-pneumatic spring was conducted. The results showed that damping decreased as oil temperature increased, and the spring damping effect was weakened. Moreover, stiffness increased as nitrogen temperature increased, and the load bearing of the spring was reduced.