基于矩形贴片天线的应变传感器模拟与测试
Strain Sensor Based on Rectangle Patched Antenna: Simulation and Test

当贴片天线经历应变时，天线形状发生改变，导致其谐振频率发生偏移。基于此原理，提出采用矩形贴片天线的应变传感器测量结构中的应变。采用了2.4GHz的1/4波长矩形贴片天线作为应变传感单元，首先，利用HFSSTM软件设计应变传感器的尺寸参数，分别模拟该天线在长度与宽度方向经历拉应变时的谐振频率偏移；其次，分别将贴片天线以纵向、横向的方式粘贴在铝板上进行了受拉实验；最后，利用网络分析仪获得天线的谐振频率。模拟与测试结果表明，天线的谐振频率偏移与天线长度方向上的应变具有良好的线性关系，同时，天线宽度方向上的应变对其谐振频率的影响较小。
When a patch antenna is undergoing strain, causing the antenna to deform, its resonance frequency shifts accordingly. Based on this principle, a strain sensor with patched antenna can be used for monitoring strain in structural members. This paper adopts 2.4GHz quarter-wave rectangular patched antennas as strain-sensing units. Firstly, the dimension parameters of patched antennas are determined via HFSSTM, and the resonance frequency shifting of the antennas is simulated when antennas are undergoing the tension strain in length and width direction respectively. Then, the antennas are glued on the surface of aluminum plates along the longitudinal and transverse direction respectively. The resonance frequency of antennas under different stressing level is identified via network analyzer. Both the simulation and test results show there is a good linear relationship between resonance frequency variation and the strain in length direction, while the width variation of the rectangular patched antenna has limited influence on the variation of resonance frequency.