磁悬浮飞轮抱式锁紧机构碳纤维弹片优化设计
Optimization of Carbon Fiber Bracket of Clamping Locking Device for Magnetically Suspended Flywheel

针对磁悬浮飞轮抱式锁紧机构用一体式碳纤维弹片，提出了一种新型优化方法。通过将碳纤维弹片等效为悬臂梁模型，对其进行静力学和动力学分析，得到其最大过盈摩擦力、锁紧力、解锁力、最大弯曲应力和一阶共振频率。基于有限元法，对弹片进行灵敏度分析，得到弹片上端和下端两组互不相关的结构参数，并分别对两组结构参数进行优化设计。优化结果表明，当弹片个数为12时，质量达到最小60.5 g，比最初170 g减少了64%。根据优化结果研制了一套锁紧机构，利用三轴正弦扫频振动和随机振动试验，检验锁紧机构对磁悬浮飞轮系统的保护效果。结果显示，振动试验中定、转子间最大相对振动位移为50 μm，远小于磁悬浮飞轮保护间隙200 μm，表明锁紧机构能够对飞轮系统实施有效保护。
A novel optimization method was presented according to the integral carbon fiber bracket of the clamping locking device for a magnetically suspended flywheel. To be equivalent to the cantilever beam model, static and dynamic analyses were performed for the carbon fiber bracket. Its five mechanics performances were obtained, including the maximum interference friction force, locking/unlocking force, the maximum bending stress and first resonance frequency. Sensitivity analysis of the carbon fiber bracket was carried out based on the finite element method. According to the analysis results, two groups of mutually independent structure parameters were obtained. From this, two parts of the carbon fiber bracket were separately optimized. The results show that the mass of the bracket has a minimum of 60.5 g corresponding to 12 slices, which is 64% less than the initial mass of 170 g. Based on optimal results, a locking device was manufactured and its protective effect for the magnetically suspended flywheel was verified by swept-sine vibration and random vibration. The verification shows that the maximum displacement between the stator and rotor is 50μm, which is less than the flywheel system protective gap of 200μm. This indicates that the locking device can effectively carry out the locking protection function for the flywheel system.