矿用汽车动力源功率匹配控制策略
Power matching control strategy of power source for mine truck

针对矿用汽车发动机工作点分布于燃油低效区的问题,提出了基于功率匹配的交流传动控制策略,使得传动系统能够根据车辆工况的变化相应改变发动机输出功率。确定了电传动系统功率区,引入了车辆负荷度评价车辆所处工况的负荷程度,设计了3层结构的控制策略,上层算法中使用滑动平均滤波算法对轮边电机转速进行预处理,计算车辆负荷度; 中层算法利用三维模糊控制器,根据车辆负荷度及发动机转速计算了参考功率; 下层算法中驱动系统追踪给定的参考功率,实现了矿用汽车的功率匹配。为验证功率匹配控制策略的控制效果,搭建了电传动试验平台进行验证。验证结果表明:控制策略能够快速识别矿用汽车启动、爬坡、突遇负载、下坡等常用工况的负载变化,并计算适合当前负载的驱动功率,保障了矿用汽车在恶劣工况下的动力性; 稳态试验考察了控制策略下矿用汽车的节油效果,发动机工作点分布在最佳燃油经济性曲线附近,负载为40 kW时,功率匹配控制策略的燃油消耗量比满足最大功率需要策略减少10.8%,负载为80 kW时,功率匹配控制策略的燃油消耗量比满足最大功率需要策略减少4.8%,验证了功率匹配策略的有效性与可行性。
Considering that the working points of mine truck engine were distributed in low efficiency area, the AC(alternating current)drive control strategy based on power matching was designed, and the output power was adjusted by transmission system according to different driving cycles. The power region of electric drive system was determined. Vehicle load degree was introduced to evaluate load degrees of different driving cycles. A three-layer hierarchical control strategy was proposed. The rotational speeds of in-wheel motor were pretreated by using moving average filter algorithm, and vehicle load degrees were calculated in the upper algorithm. In the middle algorithm, the reference power was calculated with vehicle load degree and engine speed, and a three-dimensional fuzzy controller was used in the middle algorithm. In the lower algorithm, the reference power was tracked by driving system to realize power matching of mine truck. The electric drive test bench was built, and the effect of power matching control strategy was verified. Verification result indicates that by using power matching control strategy, the change of load degrees can be quickly identified for common driving cycles of starting, climbing, sudden loading and downhill. The driving power of current load is calculated, which can guarantee the dynamic performance of mine truck in complicated working conditions. The oil saving effect of control strategy for mine truck is examined by steady test, and the working points of engine locate nearby the optimum fuel economy curve. Compared with the maximum power satisfied strategy, the fuel consumption of power matching control strategy reduces by 10.8% for load of 40 kW, and 4.8% for load of 80 kW, so the effectiveness and feasibility of control strategy are validated. 1 tab, 14 figs, 25 refs