公路交通标志反光膜逆反射系数衰减规律
Attenuation law of retroreflection coefficient for highway traffic sign retroreflective sheeting

对设置在交通运输部北京试验场的230个交通标志反光膜样本进行了连续13年的逆反射系数观测,建立了不同颜色、不同类别的交通标志反光膜逆反射系数衰减值的预测模型,分析了逆反射系数随设置时间的衰减规律。分析结果表明:白色Ⅰ～Ⅲ类反光膜逆反射系数衰减值的预测模型分别为三次函数、对数函数、三次函数模型,决定系数分别为0.581、0.732、0.559; 红色Ⅰ～Ⅲ类反光膜逆反射系数衰减率的变化幅度分别为16.0%、28.0%、42.0%,其他颜色反光膜逆反射系数衰减率的变化幅度小于21%。可见,逆反射系数衰减值的二次函数、三次函数模型具有更好的拟合性,不同颜色、不同类别反光膜的逆反射系数衰减规律存在显著差异,但衰减均随着设置时间的延长而逐渐减缓。
The retroreflection coefficients of 230 traffic sign retroreflective sheetings set in Beijing test site of Ministry of Transport were observed continuously for thirteen years. The prediction models of attenuation values for the retroreflection coefficients of traffic sign retroreflective sheetings with different colors and types were built. The attenuation law of retroreflection coefficient with set time was analyzed. Analysis result shows that the prediction models of attenuation values for the retroreflection coefficient of white types Ⅰ-Ⅲ retroreflective sheetings are cubic function, logarithmic function and cubic function models respectively, and the determination coefficients are 0.581, 0.732 and 0.559 respectively. The variation amplitudes of attenuation rate for retroreflection coefficient of red types Ⅰ-Ⅲ retroreflective sheetings are 16.0%, 28.0% and 42.0% respectively, and the variation amplitudes of attenuation rates for retroreflection coefficients of retroreflective sheetings with other colors are less than 21%. So, the quadratic function and cubic function models of attenuation values for retroreflection coefficients have better fitting property, there are significant differences among attenuation laws of retroreflection coefficients for retroreflective sheetings with different colors and types, and the attenuation slows down with increase of set time. 6 tabs, 6 figs, 32 refs