航站楼使用阶段钢结构温度取值研究
Study on Temperature of Steel Structure in Use Phase of Terminal Building

为了准确确定大跨度钢结构在使用阶段的温度作用和方便钢结构温度变化模拟分析，对厦门高崎机场T4航站楼屋盖钢结构夏季的温度进行了全面测试，提出太阳辐射与室外气象温度的日变化计算模型。根据气象条件、室内分层温度控制方法以及屋面构造做法，通过CFD模拟技术研究高大空间温度场沿高度方向的变化规律，并在天窗部位考虑了太阳辐射的影响。结果表明：金属屋面具有良好的保温隔热性能，室内与室外钢结构的最高温度均与最高气温非常接近，钢结构昼夜温差主要受室外气温变化的影响；受到太阳辐射的影响，天窗部位钢结构的温度明显高于最高气温；CFD模拟计算得到高大空间空气温度沿竖向分布的结果与实测值的变化趋势相一致，顶部热滞留区的温度明显高于等温空调区，计算温度与实测温度相对误差为5%~10%；通过实测与模拟分析，可以较为合理地确定在使用阶段大跨度钢结构的温度，该方法可供类似大型公共建筑设计时参考。
In order to determine the temperature of large span steel structures in use phase，the temperatures of roof steel structure in terminal 4, Xiamen Gaoqi Airport were tested comprehensively in summer. For convenience of temperature simulating analysis on the steel structures, a daily variation model of solar radiation and an outdoor atmosphere temperature model were proposed. According to the meteorological conditions, the indoor sub？？layer temperature control method and the construction details of the roofing, the CFD simulating technique was applied to study the temperature variation along the building height, and the influence of solar radiation on the skylights was taken into the consideration. The results show that the metal roof has good thermal insulation performance, the maximum temperatures of indoor and outdoor steel structure are almost equal to the maximum atmospheric temperature, temperature differentials of the steel structure between day and night mainly are affected by outdoor air temperature changing. By the influence of solar radiation, the highest temperature of the steel structure below skylights is significantly above the maximum atmospheric temperature.CFD simulating results show that in the indoor huge space, the temperature distributions along the vertical direction are consistent with the measured values, the temperature on the top heat retention air zone is significantly higher than the bottom air conditioning isothermal zone, the errors between the calculation and measurement are 5% to 10%. Through the above measured and simulating analysis, the temperature of steel structures in the large space can be determined more reasonably. This method can be referenced in large？？scale public building design