装配式建筑混凝土构件公差控制国内外标准分析
Tolerance Control Analysis of Concrete Member for Prefabricated Construction in Domestic and International Standards

针对装配式混凝土构件的尺寸允许公差控制对装配式建筑施工的重要工程意义，分析了国内外装配式建筑标准中混凝土构件生产与安装阶段的构件尺寸允许公差异同，指出其差异体现为允许公差值与取值范围、公差配分形式、构件类型和尺寸大小等。结果表明：各标准对构件允许公差划分原则和方法不同，中国标准侧重于公差取值及范围，而国外标准兼顾了构件尺寸大小和构件类型等影响；中国国家标准对构件尺寸允许公差要求比行业和地方标准严格；既有装配式建筑公差标准缺乏公差确定准则和系统的全过程公差控制理论，各标准中未考虑公差累积和抵消效应，部分公差控制要求相互抵触。
Aiming at the important engineering significance of dimension allowable tolerance control of concrete member for prefabricated construction, the differences of allowable tolerance for concrete members in the production and installation stages of domestic and international prefabricated construction standards were analyzed. It was pointed out that the differences of allowable tolerance were embodied in allowable tolerance value and range of value, tolerance partition function form, component type and size, etc. The results show that the division principle and method of allowable tolerance of components are different in standards, and the domestic standard emphasizes the value and range of tolerance. In contrast, the influences of dimension and type of concrete member on the allowable tolerance are highlighted by foreign standards. The national standard for allowable tolerances of component sizes is stricter than industry and local standards. Many defects of tolerance for prefabricated construction proposed by existing standards exist, including determination criteria and method, lack of tolerance control theory during the whole process. In addition, the effects of tolerance accumulation and offset are neglected in each standard, and some tolerance control requirements contradict each other