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- 2015
由Mw7.8昆仑山地震地表位错推断滑动位移
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Abstract:
摘要 2001年MW7.8昆仑山口西地震形成约400 km的地震破裂带,主震断层为一长度350 km、呈东西走向且近直立的走滑断层.主震断层附近的同震滑动位错为研究断层内部的力学性质及几何形态提供了重要参考.本文根据Freund的III-型位错模型,以实地测量和卫星测量的地表错动数据为约束条件,求取沿主震断层走向断层内部各点的滑动位移分布以及破裂面沿断层深度方向的扩展宽度.计算结果表明:III-型位错模拟结果所得断层面滑动位移分布特征和由有限断层模型体波反演得到的结果有较高的吻合程度,且在深度方向上呈现强烈的不均匀性.由III-型位错模型给出的断层内部的破裂宽度小于20 km,其平均值为8.4 km.进一步的对比分析表明:地表同震位移量的大小同断层的破裂宽度在尺度上存在明确的比例关系,沿断层走滑方向各点的滑动位移随深度的变化特征具有自相似性的分形特征.结合III-型位错模拟和体波反演结果,基于Andrews方法计算断层面上静态应力变化的分布,其分布特征同样具有很高的吻合度.
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