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- 2018
鲍鱼壳的跨尺度结构及性能表征
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Abstract:
摘要 目的：鲍鱼壳具有特殊的结构和优异的性能,通过对鲍鱼壳的跨尺度结构和性能进行深入研究,揭示鲍鱼壳从宏观到微观的结构特点和其结构与性能的关系.方法:采用数码光学显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM)对鲍鱼壳的结构进行表征,利用万能试验机测试鲍鱼壳整体的压缩强度,借助显微硬度仪表征鲍鱼壳表面和截面的硬度和断裂韧性.结果:鲍鱼壳宏观结构分为5部分,表面有生长线和螺肋;介观结构分为2层,厚度比例接近;微观结构包含角质层、棱柱层和珍珠层,珍珠层中存在棱柱层-珍珠层交替结构.整个鲍鱼壳的压缩破坏力为185 N,压缩强度约为52 MPa;鲍鱼壳不同部位的硬度显示有差异,背部的硬度最高为354 HV,其次为中顶部298 HV,头部、腹部和尾部相差不大,约为270 HV;鲍鱼壳背部的截面硬度高于表面,最高值达到了427 HV.结论:鲍鱼壳背部特殊的结构增加了其硬度,且断裂韧性高于氧化铝陶瓷(3.0 MPa·m1/2)材料.
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