我国大麦进口贸易具有“大国效应”吗？
Does “Large Country Effect” Exist in China’s Barley Import?

采用剩余需求弹性模型，分析澳大利亚、加拿大、法国大麦在我国大麦进口市场上的市场势力，以检验我国大麦进口贸易是否具有“大国效应”。结果表明：在我国大麦进口市场上，澳大利亚大麦和法国大麦都具有微弱的卖方市场势力，加拿大大麦则不具有卖方市场势力；我国大麦需求显著影响各国大麦进口价格，即我国大麦进口贸易具有“大国效应”；加拿大大麦和法国大麦进口存在一定的替代关系；我国大麦贸易政策调整对各国大麦进口价格影响存在差异。因此，建议加强对国内外大麦市场形势的跟踪研究，建立健全大麦贸易调控政策体系，优化大麦进口来源市场结构，提高我国大麦进口的买方市场势力。
In order to test whether “large country effect” exists in China’s barley import or not ,this paper analyzes the market power of barley of Australia,Canada and France in China’s barley import market by using Residual Demand Elasticity Model.The result shows that Australia’s barley and France’s barley have relatively weak seller market power in China’s barley import market,while Canada has no seller market power.China’s barley demand has significant influence on barley’s imported price from each exporter,and “large country effect” exists in China’s barley import.Canada’s barley and France’s barley can be mutually substituted to some extent in China’s barley import market.The adjustment of barley trade policy in China has different influence on the imported price of different exporters.Therefore,this paper suggests that in order to improve buyer market power of barley import,tracking researches on domestic and international barley market situation should be enhanced,regulation policy system of barley trade should be built and improved and source market structure of barley import should be optimized.