城乡老年人社会支持的差异以及对健康状况和生活满意度的影响
The Urban rural Difference of Social Support for the Aged and Its Impact on Their Health Situation and Life Satisfaction

基于2011年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据，通过卡方检验及二项Logistic回归分析研究了城乡老年人社会支持的差异以及对健康状况和生活满意度的影响。结果表明：城镇老年人不仅获得的社会支持多于农村老年人，身体健康状况及生活满意度也优于农村老年人。正式社会支持仅对老年人的生活满意度有积极影响，对老年人身体健康的作用有限；在非正式社会支持中，子女的经济支持对老年人身体健康和生活满意度的作用都非常有限，精神支持则对老年人的身体健康及生活满意度有很大的促进作用。因此，要进一步加强城乡社会保障制度的统筹建设，家庭及社会要关注老年人的精神需求，注重老年人慢性病的预防，以改善老年人的健康状况和生活满意度。
Based on the data of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS),this paper reveals the urban rural difference of social support,and its impact on health situation,and life satisfaction for the aged via Chi square test.Based on binomial Logistic analysis of regression,the impact of social support for the aged on the health situation and the life satisfaction is also investigated.It is shown that the aged in urban areas,getting more social support than those in rural areas,are healthier and more satisfied to life.We demonstrate that the formal social support only has positive effect on the life satisfaction of the aged,but limited effect on the health situation.As for informal social support,we find that young generation’s financial support has little effect on both health situation and life satisfaction of the aged,while the emotional support would bring great benefits to both health situation and life satisfaction.Therefore,the government should strengthen the construction of social security system,the family and society should show great concern to spiritual needs of the old,and emphasize the prevention of chronic diseases so as to improve their health situation and level of life satisfaction.