传统村落保护基本思路论辩
Argumentation on Basic Thoughts of Traditional Village Protection

面对传统村落迅速改变、消失的现实，传统村落保护受到了学界和政府的重视。采用比较分析法对我国当前传统村落保护的基本思路进行梳理，结果发现：着眼于民居、文物性建筑的保护思路因为不能照顾传统村落居住者的利益而无以为继；以旅游开发促进保护的思路表面上对推动传统村落保护效果显著，但长期看却存在诸多弊端，其核心缺陷仍然是未能考虑当地居民的利益；村庄整治为传统村落保护提供了最为需要的公共设施，不失为一种值得推广的保护思路。由于传统村落具有历史文化遗产与现实人居环境的双重属性，传统村落的居住者是传统村落的所有者，因此传统村落的保护必须服务于居住者的利益，并以此作为传统村落保护工作的出发点。
Facing the rapid changing or disappearing of traditional villages,the academia and the government want to do something about them.Currently,only a few traditional villages have been protected,and the protecting patterns are still at groping stage.There are three main thoughts for traditional villages protection.The first one highlights the protection of dwellings and precious ancient architecture yet omits the interests of the traditional village residents.The second is that protection can be achieved through developing tourism at traditional villages.But in a long run the interests and demands of local residents and the villages are still at risk.The third is village renovation for protecting traditional villages,which provides the most needed public facilities,can be regarded as a kind of protection to be promoted.We should hold the idea that the center of traditional village protection is residents’ rights and interests.Traditional villages have dual attributes including historical and cultural heritage and realistic living environment.Residents in traditional village are owners of the traditional village.The protection of the traditional village must give advantages to the residents,which should be the basis in traditional village protection.