湖北省近三十年耕地土壤肥力变化解析
Soil fertility changes of farmland in Hubei Provice for the last three decades

耕地土壤肥力极容易发生变化，也具有极大的可改良性。抽样分析比较湖北省26个县（市、区）近年完成的全省耕地地力评价与30年前的第二次土壤普查数据，结果表明，湖北省全省耕地总面积减少17.43%；“占优补劣”导致大量优质耕地减少，其中一等地面积减少28%；而六等地面积增加225%。对30年来耕地土壤肥力变化的分析表明，土壤全氮、碱解氮及有效磷含量上升，而速效钾含量降低，有机质含量持平，耕地土壤酸化形势严峻。
Soil fertility change of farmland is extremely easy and has a great potential to be improved.Comparative studies of soil samples from 26 counties (cities,districts) in Hubei Province between recent soil survey and second soil survey in 30 years ago were carried out.Results showed that the whole cultivated area in Hubei Province decreased by 17.43% for the last three decades.The area of the first-class decreased by 28%,whereas the sixth-class increased by 225%.The high-quality cultivated land resource is lost due to the “occupying the high-guality while compensating the poor”.Results of the soil fertility evolution indicated that the contents of soil total nitrogen,available nitrogen and available phosphorus have been increasing.The contents of the available potassium have decreased.The contents of soil organic matter are at the same levels.The situation of soil acidification is serious.