路面行驶工况下拖拉机驱动轮滑转率的测试与分析
Test and analysis of the slip rate of tractors driven on roads

为测试拖拉机经常行驶的水泥路面、石子路面、软土路面工况驱动轮滑转率的变化情况,采用GPS法、雷达法、最小轮速法3种方法对拖拉机的行驶速度进行测试，驱动轮的轮速采用编码器进行测量；利用PCI1740数据采集卡采集各传感器信号，采用图形化编程软件Labview编程来实现数据的实时显示和存储，测试不同车速、不同路面行驶工况下拖拉机驱动轮滑转率。结果表明：软土路面上的打滑程度最大，水泥路面上打滑程度最低；在低速（一档、二档）时，拖拉机的滑转率为9.0%~13.6%； 在高速（三档、四档）时，拖拉机的滑转率为3.26%~6.27%。GPS法测试时不受路面情况的影响，雷达法适合路面情况较好的环境，最小轮速法适合车速较高的时候；拖拉机的滑转率随着车速的增加呈减小的趋势。
The purpose of the experiment is to find out the variation of the slip rates of tractors on different types of roads on which they often run, such as cement road, gravel road, dirt road. The running speed of the tractor was measured by GPS, Doppler radar and the minimum wheel speed method, and the speed of the driving wheel of the tractor was measured by the encoders. PCI1740 data acquisition card was used to collect sensors data, and then the graphical programming software Labview was used to display and store real-time data. The experiment was carried out on different roads with different running speeds of the tractor. The test results showed that the minimum degree of slippage occurred on the cement road while the largest slippery occurred on dirt road. When the tractor was running at a low speed (first gear, second gear), the tractor′s slip rate was 9.0%-13.6%. When the tractor was running at a high speed (third gear, fourth gear), the slip rate was 3.26%-6.27%. The GPS test results were not affected by the road conditions, and the radar method was suitable for the good road conditions, and the minimum wheel speed method was suitable when the tractor was running at a high speed. The tractor′s slip degree decreased with the increase of the speed of the tractor.