艾叶等20种中药对禽多杀性巴氏杆菌的体外抗菌活性
Antibacterial activity of crude extract from twenty traditional Chinese medicines like Artemisia argyi against Pasteurella multocida in vitro

通过乙醇回流、水煎煮和超声波等方法提取艾叶等20种中药的有效成分，采用二倍稀释法测定其对禽多杀性巴氏杆菌（C48-1,血清型A∶1）的体外抗菌活性；并研究抗菌活性较强的几味中药的体外联合抑菌效果。结果显示,艾叶、黄连、黄柏、秦皮、地榆、虎杖6种中药提取物对巴氏杆菌的最低抑菌浓度值（MIC）范围在6.25~50 mg/mL；赤芍、何首乌、茵陈、射干、甘草、蒲公英、白鲜皮7种中药提取物的MIC值范围在50~100 mg/mL；金银花、柴胡、板蓝根、夏枯草、穿心莲、知母、苦参7种中药提取物的MIC值大于100 mg/mL。联合抑菌试验结果表明，黄连、黄柏、秦皮、虎杖和艾叶的联合抑菌指数（FICI）≤0.5，黄柏、秦皮、黄连和虎杖的联合抑菌指数（FICI）≥2；秦皮、地榆和黄柏的联合抑菌指数（FICI）≥2。通过以上数据可以看出,黄连、黄柏、地榆、艾叶对巴氏杆菌均具有较好的体外抗菌活性；黄连、黄柏、地榆和艾叶为相加、协同作用；地榆和黄柏为拮抗作用。
Active ingredients of 20 traditional Chinese medicines were extracted by ethanol circumfluence,water decoction,and ultrasonic extraction.Double dilution method is used to determine the antibacterial activity on Pasteurella multocida in vitro.And then the joint bacteriostatic activities of a few traditional Chinese medicines were evaluated.The result showed that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was in a range of 6.25~50 mg/mL mugwort leaf (Artemisia argyi),Rhizoma coptidis,Cortex phellodendri,Cortex fraxini,Garden burnet,Giant knotweed’s extracts,in range of 50 to 100 mg/mL for Radix paeoniaerubra,Radix-polygonimultiflori,Herba artemisiae capillaris,Rhizomabelamcandae,Licorice root,Dandelion,Cortex dictamni’s extracts,and more than 100 mg/mL for Honeysuckle，Radix bupleuri，Radix isatidis，Prunella vulgaris，Herba andrographitis，Rhizoma anemarrhenae，Radix sophorae flavescentis’s extracts.The results of joint bacteriostatic test showed that the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of R.coptidis,C.phellodendri,C.fraxini,G.knotweed,and A.argyi were less than or equal to 0.5 and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of C.phellodendri,C.fraxini,R.coptidis and G.knotweed,Qin leather,G.burnet and C.phellodendri were more than or equal to 2.In conclusion,R.coptidis,C.phellodendri,G.burnet,and A.argyi had good antimicrobial activities against P.multocida. R.coptidis,C.phellodendri,G.burnet and Mugwort showed additive or synergy action,while Sanguisorba and C.phellodendri showed antagonistic action.