湖北省重点行业企业周边土壤重金属污染现状及潜在生态危害评价
Status of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological hazard assessment in surrounding soil of enterprises in Hubei Province,China

对湖北省内5类重点行业的25家规模化企业周边土壤中的Hg、As、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Pb、Cd等重金属含量进行监测，采用内梅罗污染指数评价法和Hakanson生态危害指数对监测结果进行评价。结果表明:湖北省内5类重点行业企业周边清洁土壤的监测点位占50.0%～87.5%，有37.5%～81.5%的监测点位存在轻微的潜在生态危害风险。矿产采选与冶炼、化学原料与化学品制造两类行业企业周边土壤中Cd、As等重金属含量水平较高，Cd的最大含量分别为10.3、4.5 mg/kg，As的最大含量分别为114.0、766.0 mg/kg。两类企业周边土壤中度污染的监测点位分别占3.6%和5.6%，重度污染监测点位分别占7.1%和5.6%；两类行业企业周边有7.1%和2.9%的监测点位土壤中重金属存在很强至极强的潜在生态危害风险。
The content of Hg,As,Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr,Pb and Cd in the soil of twenty five large scale enterprises in five key industries in Hubei Province was determined.The Nemerow pollution index and Hakanson ecological risk index evaluation methods are applied to evaluate the determination results of eight heavy metals in the soil.The results showed that the proportion of monitoring sites in the soil around the five key industries that are not polluted by heavy metal was less than 50.0%-87.5%,and the proportion of monitoring sites with slight potential risks of heavy metals was 37.5% 81.5%.In the two enterprises mineral mining and smelting as well as chemical raw material and chemical manufacturing,the maximum concentration of Cd is 10.3 mg/kg and 4.5 mg/kg respectively,and As is 114.0 mg/kg and 766.0 mg/kg respectively.The soil is contaminated by heavy metals with a moderate contamination of 3.6% and 5.6%,a severe contamination of 7.1% and 5.6% respectively.7.1% and 2.9% of the monitoring soil around the two enterprises are facing seriously potential ecological risks of heavy metals.