5种经济鱼类基因组大小的测定
Genome size determination of five commercial fishes

采用流式细胞术，以鸡（Gallus gallus）血细胞 DNA 含量（2.3 pg/2C，C指单倍体）为标准，对5种经济鱼类白甲鱼（Onychostoma sima）、三倍体兴国红鲤（triploid Cyprinus carpio var. singuonensis）、胭脂鱼（Myxocyprinus asiaticus )、中华沙鳅（Sinibotia superciliaris）和花鱼骨 （Hemibarbus maculatus）的基因组大小(或称C-值）和倍性进行测定。结果表明，5种淡水鱼类的的C-值分别为：白甲鱼（1.18±0.01） pg，三倍体兴国红鲤（1.92±0.07） pg，胭脂鱼（2.62±0.28） pg，中华沙鳅（0.89±0.01） pg，花鱼骨 （1.24±0.02） pg，C-值从大到小排列依次为：胭脂鱼＞兴国红鲤＞花鱼骨 ＞白甲鱼＞中华沙鳅。在5种经济鱼类中，除了亲缘关系很近的白甲鱼与花鱼骨 （同一科）的C-值大小差异不显著外（P＞0.05），其余的种间（不同科）的C-值大小差异显著。倍性分析结果表明，白甲鱼、花鱼骨 和中华沙鳅属于二倍体，兴国红鲤属于三倍体，胭脂鱼属于四倍体。
In this paper,the genome size (C-value) and ploidy of 5 commercial fishes including Onychostoma sima,triploid Cyprinus carpio var. singuonensis,Myxocyprinus asiaticus,Sinibotia superciliarisa and Hemibarbus maculatus were determined by flow cytometry using chicken erythrocyte DNA content as a standard. The results showed that the C-values of O. sima,triploid C. carpio var. singuonensis,M. asiaticus,S. superciliarisa and H. maculatus were 1.18±0.01 pg,1.92±0.07 pg,2.62±0.28 pg,0.89±0.01 pg and 1.24±0.02 pg,respectively. The C-value of M. asiaticus was the largest,followed by triploid C. carpio var. singuonensis, H. maculatus,O. sima and S. superciliarisa. Among the 5 economic fishes,there is no difference in C-values between O. sima and H. maculatus (the same family) (P＞0.05),but the difference between the other species (different families) was significant (P<0.05). Ploidy analysis showed that O. sima,S. superciliarisa and H.maculatus were diploid,C. carpio var. singuonensis was triploid and M. asiaticus was tetraploid.