领海治理：欧盟共同渔业政策的改革与效果评析
Governance of Territorial Waters： Reform of EU’s Common Fisheries Policy and the Effect

摘要 共同渔业政策是欧盟领海治理的主要组成部分，它在初步制定时就建立在错误认知的基础上，农业政策的一些思想被不加区别地套用到渔业治理中，罔顾渔业资源有限性的基本特征。平等入渔原则与结构政策逐渐凸显捕捞过度问题，作为对此问题的回应，共同渔业政策在正式出台时推出渔业养护的基本目标，但早先的结构政策与平等入渔实践使渔业治理目标与手段背离。虽然大多数批评者认为欧盟共同渔业政策的改革是失败的，但从2002年开始，共同渔业政策的制度缺陷逐渐得到解决。欧盟共同渔业政策及其改革的特殊性在于，它是一体化进程中存在缺陷的制度在其后的调整问题，由于涉入太多政治妥协，一个专业问题难以获得理想的效果。
Abstract：The Common Fisheries Policy is the main part of EU’s governance of territorial waters. However， the policy was founded on the wrong cognition from its beginning. Some thoughts in agricultural policy were applied to the Common Fisheries Policy without considering the feature of limited fishery resources. The practice of equal access and structure policy gradually highlighted the over-fishing problem. As a response， decision makers put forward the objective of fishery conservation when the Common Fisheries Policy was formally introduced. However， the practice of equal access and structure policy deviated the objective from the approach of the Common Fisheries Policy. Most critics believe the Common Fisheries Policy failed， but the institutional defection of the policy has been gradually resolved since the reform in 2002. The distinctiveness of the reform of the Common Fisheries Policy is that it is the original defection of the institution in the European integration that has to been adjusted henceforth. One professional issue fails to obtain the ideal results due to too much political compromise.