近代儒商传统及其当代意义——以张謇和经元善为中心的考察
The Confucian Merchant Tradition in the Late Qing and the Early Republic and Its Contemporary Significance：A Case Study Centered on Zhang Jian and Jing Yuanshan

摘要 近代以来，伴随着巨大的社会变动，中国儒商的人数有所扩大，并最终形成以张謇、经元善等人为代表的近代儒商群体。近代儒商力图将儒家伦理与资本主义工商经营思想相融合，培育出一种适合时代需要的新的商业传统——近代儒商传统。近代儒商传统虽仍以传统儒家伦理道德为基本依据，但又融入了爱国、强国、商战、合群等近代思想因素，具有新的时代特点。较之于明清时期，近代儒商传统有着更为强烈的救亡图存意识，更加重视推广新式教育，更加强调缔造商人社团，实行商人自治。近代儒商传统对当今商业道德文化和企业家精神的重建有着重要的历史借鉴意义。
Abstract：In the late Qing， with the great changes in the social movements rose the number of Chinese Confucius merchants and formed the Confucius merchants group represented by people like Zhang Jian and Jing Yuanshan. They tried to combine the Confucius ethics and capitalist thoughts on business， giving rise to the new business tradition， i.e.， Confucius merchant tradition. This tradition， although based on the traditional Confucius ethics， absorbed the fine parts of modern thoughts， such as patriotism， developing the country， business war and collaborations， which are of the characteristics of the new era. Compared with the Ming and Early Qing， those Confucius merchants paid more attention to the country-building， promoting the new education， and establishing the merchant’s association to realize the self-governing. This Confucius merchant tradition in the late Qing is of great historical importance to the rebuilding of business moral culture and entrepreneurship in the contemporary era.