微博维权行为的实证分析与法律引导——以110个典型案例为中心
Empirical Analysis and Regulation by Law on Microblog Rightsafeguarding Action——From the Perspective of the 110 Typical Cases in China

摘要 微博技术的发展以及“权利本位”思想的影响导致以微博为媒介的维权事件日益受到社会的关注。当现有维权渠道不畅或缺乏公信力时，微博维权行为便在“体制外”得以生存发展。通过对2010—2016年全国110个典型的微博维权案例研究发现，微博维权行为在维权主体、对象、过程以及结果等方面都表现出与传统维权行为不同的特征。虽然微博维权在社会监督、政治参与、权利救济等方面发挥了积极效用，但它冲击了现有的社会秩序，有违全民守法的内在要求，在某种程度上引发了网络民意与司法独立之间的冲突，加大了依法维权制度化的难度。对此，微博维权行为的法律引导一方面应以全面推进网络空间法治化为基础，另一方面应增强全民法治观念，充分发挥司法能动性，着力思考完善依法维权的制度，以实现公民权利保障的法治化。
Abstract：The development of microblogging technology and the influence of “rightbased” thought have been increasingly concerned by the society. When the existing channels for right protection are not smooth and lack of credibility， microblog will be able to survive in the legal action outside the system. It is been investigated that microblog activist behavior has different characteristics from traditional rightsafeguarding behavior in the aspects of the main body， object， process and results through the 110 typical cases from 2010 to 2016 in China. Although microblog rightsafeguarding action has played a positive role in social supervision， political participation and dispute resolutions， it impacts the inherent requirements of the lawabiding people， leads to the conflict between public opinion online and judicial independence to some extent， increases the difficulty of the institutionalizing of rightsafeguarding by the law. Consequently， microblogger’s behavior should be enhanced on the basis of boosting the legalization of cyberspace. From the perspective of individual， microblogger’s behavior should be enhanced on the basis of citizen’s legal conception； from the perspective of nation， judicial activism should be heightened and correlative laws and regulations should be improved to achieve the protection of civil rights.