明治维新与赴日留学
Meiji Reform and Studying abroad in Japan

摘要 明治维新期间，日本政府聘请外籍专家、教师和派遣留学，积极学习西方，成效显著，不仅成为洋务派反驳顽固派阻挠留学的例证与榜样，而且为甲午战后中国人赴日留学发挥了示范效应。在“以日为师”学习西方先进科学文化知识的背后，恰恰是明治维新遗留的忠君爱国思想、军国主义教育等封建残余，既适应了清政府派人留日以维护其封建统治的主观愿望，也适应了中国学子整军兴武、留学救国的迫切需求，成为身陷民族危亡边缘的中国各界达成留日共识的思想基础之一。面对蜂拥而至的中国留日学生，明治维新兴办教育、创办的系列近代学校，毕竟为接受、培养中国留日学生提供了必要的客观条件。明治维新与赴日留学反映了东亚各国近代化所带来的彼此关联化、一体化的发展趋势。
Abstract：During the period of Meiji Reform， the Japanese government employed foreign experts， teachers， sent students abroad， and learned actively and effectively from the West， which became the example and model for the liberal party to refute the conservative party’s obstructing studying abroad， and had a demonstration effect for the Chinese to go to Japan to study after the Sino-Japanese War in 1894. The modern schools and universities established during the Meiji Reform provided the necessary objective conditions for the Chinese students， who came to Japan in great numbers， to be accepted and cultivated. Meiji Reform and going to Japan to study reflected the developing trend that modernization of the countries in South Asia brought the connection between each other and integration.