现代汉语虚词与郭沫若《女神》的审美效应
Modern Chinese Function Words and the Aesthetic Effect of Guo Moruo's Goddess

摘要 郭沫若《女神》的文学史意义，主要在于极大地促进了新诗审美效应的现代性变革。这种变革与现代汉语虚词入诗有密切关系，改变了古诗的情感表达与思维方式，形成了科学主义思潮影响下汉语诗歌新的主体精神的高扬。特别是语气助词的大量使用，位置灵活，方式多样，充分体现了诗人“情绪的解放”，使其浪漫主义激情得以自由表达。大量虚词的入诗及合理使用，带来了新诗的跨行、跨节及各种自由体形式，形成新诗的对称、均衡与参差之美，推动了《女神》形式的变革。虚词伴随譬喻、引用、比拟、夸张、反复、排比等现代修辞艺术的运用，使《女神》达成了语义、形式与审美的和谐，激发了新诗雄浑豪放的审美新风尚。
Abstract：The significance of Guo Moruo's Goddess(女神) in the literary history mainly lies in greatly promoting the modern change of the aesthetic effect of new poetry. This change is closely related to the usage of the modern Chinese function words in poetry， which changed the emotional expression and mode of thinking of ancient poetry， and formed the new subjective spirit of Chinese poetry under the influence of scientism. In particular，by the flexible and various usage of modal particles， poetry can fully reflect poets’“emotional liberation”and poets can express their romantic passion freely. The rational use of function words in poetry have brought about the enjambment， cross stanza and free verse of new poetry，forming the symmetry， balance and variation of new poetry，and promoting the formal change of Goddess. Especially the usage of modern rhetoric such as metaphor， analogy， quotation， exaggeration， repetition and parallelism，reaches the harmony of semantics， form and aesthetics， stimulating the new aesthetic trend of new poetry.